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diff --git a/docs/docs/stable/installer/en/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml b/docs/docs/stable/installer/en/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml index e82044c9..162136e9 100644 --- a/docs/docs/stable/installer/en/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml +++ b/docs/docs/stable/installer/en/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml @@ -2,6 +2,15 @@ <!-- Made by Lebarhon 2014 03 26 Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about 1.3.2--> + <!--2018/02/07 apb: Text and typography.--> + <!--2018/02/17 apb: Typo--> + <!--2018/02/19 apb: Update Download.png to Mga6.--> + <!--2018/02/20 apb: Adjusted sections 1.1 and 1.2. + a) The main intro previously stated that there were 2 families of media, but listed at 1.2.4 is NetInstall. Therefore, I included a NetInstall entry in 1.1. + b) Logically followed to move the NetInstall description up frome 1.2.4 to the main intro. + c) Moved the 'Important' text from Live 1.2.3.1 Common features to the main intro because it is not really part of 'Common features', and I think its more natural location is in the main intro.--> + <!--2018/02/25 apb: Centre-align all PNG's.--> + <!--2019/01/03 apb: Update checking.png (which also includes sha512 option). Some rewording to 1.2.4.2, 1.3.1, 1.4.2.3.5. Update text to include sha512 option in 1.3.1 & 1.3.2--> <info> <title xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs-ti1">Select and use ISOs</title> </info> @@ -9,30 +18,52 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Introduction</title> <para>Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to choose which image best suits your needs.</para> - <para>There are two families of media:</para> + <para>There are three types of installation media:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>Classical installer: Booting with this media provides you with - the maximum flexibility when choosing what to install, and for - configuring your system. In particular, you have a choice of which - Desktop environment to install</para> + <para><emphasis role="bold">Classical installer:</emphasis> Booting + with this media provides you with the maximum flexibility when + choosing what to install, and for configuring your system. In + particular, you have a choice of which Desktop environment to + install.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>LIVE media: This option allows you to try out Mageia without - having to actually install it, or make any changes to your computer. - If the installation is decided, the process is simpler, but you get - fewer choices than offered by the Classical installer</para> + <para><emphasis role="bold">LIVE media:</emphasis> This option allows + you to try out Mageia without having to actually install it, or make + any changes to your computer. However, the Live media also includes an + Installer, which can be started when booting the media, or after + booting into the Live operating system itself.</para> + <note> + <para>The Live Installer is simpler compared to the Classical + Installer - but you have fewer configuration options.</para> + </note> + <important> + <para>Live ISOs can only be used to create <quote>clean</quote> + installations, they cannot be used to upgrade previously installed + Mageia releases.</para> + </important> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para><emphasis role="bold">Net Install</emphasis>: These are minimal + ISO's containing no more than that which is needed to start the DrakX + installer and find <literal>DrakX-installer-stage2</literal> and other + packages that are needed to continue and complete the install. These + packages may be on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local + network or on the Internet.</para> + <para>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient + if bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, or if you have a PC + without a DVD drive or is unable to boot from a USB stick.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> - <para>Details are given in the next sections.</para> + <para>More details are given in the next sections.</para> </section> <section> <title>Media</title> <section> <title>Definition</title> <para>Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows - you to install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical - support (DVD, USB stick, ...) the ISO file is copied to.</para> + you to install and/or update Mageia and, by extension, any physical + medium (DVD, USB stick, ...) the ISO file is copied to.</para> <para>You can find Mageia ISO's <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/">here</link>.</para> </section> <section> @@ -41,26 +72,28 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Common features</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>These ISOs use the Classical installer called drakx.</para> + <para>These ISOs use the Classical installer called DrakX</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>They are used for performing clean installs or to upgrade a - previously installed version of Mageia.</para> + previously installed version of Mageia</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Different media for 32 and 64 bit architectures.</para> + <para>Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue - System, Memory Test, Hardware Detection Tool.</para> + <para>Some tools are available in the Installer + <quote>Welcome</quote> screen: <emphasis>Rescue System, Memory + Test, </emphasis>and <emphasis>Hardware Detection + Tool</emphasis></para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and - languages.</para> + languages</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add - non free software.</para> + non-free software</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -72,23 +105,20 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para>Can be used to preview the Mageia operating system without - having to install it. Can also be used to install Mageia if you - wish.</para> + having to install it</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (Plasma, - GNOME or Xfce).</para> + <para>The Live media also includes an Installer.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Different media for 32 and 64 bit architectures.</para> + <para>Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (Plasma, + GNOME or Xfce)</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><emphasis role="bold">Live ISOs can only be used to create - clean installations, they cannot be used to upgrade previously - installed Mageia releases.</emphasis></para> + <para>Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>They contain non free software.</para> + <para>They contain non-free software</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -96,13 +126,13 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Live DVD Plasma</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>Plasma desktop environment only.</para> + <para>Plasma desktop environment only</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>All available languages are present.</para> + <para>All available languages are present</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>64 bit architecture only.</para> + <para>64-bit architecture only</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -110,13 +140,13 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Live DVD GNOME</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para> + <para>GNOME desktop environment only</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>All available languages are present.</para> + <para>All available languages are present</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>64 bit architecture only</para> + <para>64-bit architecture only</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -124,13 +154,13 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Live DVD Xfce</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>Xfce desktop environment only.</para> + <para>Xfce desktop environment only</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>All available languages are present.</para> + <para>All available languages are present</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>32 or 64 bit architectures.</para> + <para>32 or 64-bit architectures</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -141,24 +171,10 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Common features</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>These are minimal ISO's containing no more than that which - is needed to start the drakx installer and find - drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages that are needed to - continue and complete the install. These packages may be on the PC - hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the - Internet.</para> - </listitem> - <listitem> - <para>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are - convenient if bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, or if - you have a PC without a DVD drive or is unable to boot from a USB - stick.</para> - </listitem> - <listitem> - <para>Different media for 32 and 64 bit architectures.</para> + <para>Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>First steps are English language only.</para> + <para>First steps are English language only</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -166,8 +182,8 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>netinstall.iso</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>Contains only free software, for those people who prefer not - to use non-free software.</para> + <para>Contains only free software, for those who prefer to not use + non-free software</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -176,7 +192,7 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para>Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for - people who need it.</para> + those who need it</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </section> @@ -186,21 +202,32 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <title>Downloading and Checking Media</title> <section> <title>Downloading</title> - <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or BitTorrent. In both cases, you are provided with some information, such as the mirror in use and an option to switch if the bandwidth is too low. If http is chosen, you will also see something regarding checksums.</para> + <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using + either http or BitTorrent. In both cases, you are provided with some + information, such as the mirror in use and an option to switch to an + alternative if the bandwidth is too low.</para> + <para>If http is chosen you will also see some information regarding + checksums.</para> + + <para><literal>md5sum</literal>, <literal>sha1sum</literal> and + <literal>sha512sum</literal> (the most secure) are tools to check the + ISO integrity. Copy one of the checksums (string of alphanumeric + characters) for use in the next section.</para> <mediaobject> <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="Checking.png"/> + <imagedata align="center" fileref="Checking.png"/> </imageobject> </mediaobject> - <para>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Choose - one or the other, and copy the checksum <link linkend="integrity">for - later use</link>. Then a window similar to this one appears:</para> + + <para>In the meantime, a window to download the actual ISO will + open:</para> <mediaobject> <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="Download.png"/> + <imagedata align="center" fileref="Download.png"/> </imageobject> </mediaobject> - <para>Select the Save File option, then, click OK.</para> + <para>Click on <emphasis>Save File</emphasis>, then click + <emphasis>OK</emphasis>.</para> </section> <section> <title xml:id="integrity">Checking the integrity of the downloaded @@ -209,52 +236,65 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about generated by an algorithm from the file to be downloaded. You may compare the checksum of your downloaded ISO against that of the original source ISO. If the checksums do not match, it means that the actual data - on the ISO's do not match, and if it is the case, then you should retry - the download or attempt a repair using BitTorrent.</para> + on the ISO's do not match, and if that is the case, then you should + retry the download or attempt a repair using BitTorrent.</para> <para>To generate the checksum for your downloaded ISO, open a console, (no need to be root), and:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>To use md5sum, type: <userinput>md5sum - path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para> + <para>To use the md5sum, type: <command>md5sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso</command></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>To use sha1sum, type: <userinput>sha1sum - path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput></para> + <para>To use the sha1sum, type: <command>sha1sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso</command></para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>To use the sha512sum, type: <command>sha512sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso</command></para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> - <para> Example:</para> + <para>Example:</para> <mediaobject> <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="../Md5sum.png"/> + <imagedata align="center" fileref="Md5sum.png"/> </imageobject> </mediaobject> - <para>and compare the result (you may have to wait for a while) with the - checksum provided by Mageia.</para> + + <para>then compare the result (you may have to wait for a while) with + the ISO checksum provided by Mageia.</para> </section> </section> <section> <title>Burn or dump the ISO</title> - <para>The verified ISO can now be burned to a CD/DVD or dumped to a USB - stick. This is not a standard copy operation as a bootable medium will - actually be created.</para> + <para>The verified ISO can now be burned to a CD/DVD or + <quote>dumped</quote> to a USB stick. This is not a standard copy + operation, as a bootable medium will actually be created.</para> <section> <title>Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD</title> - <para>Whichever software you use, ensure that the option to burn an <emphasis role="bold">image</emphasis> is used, burn <emphasis role="bold">data</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">files</emphasis> is - not correct. See <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the + <para>Whichever software you use, ensure that the option to burn + an<emphasis> image</emphasis> is used. Burn <emphasis>data</emphasis> or + <emphasis>files</emphasis> is NOT correct. See the <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the Mageia wiki</link> for more information.</para> </section> <section> <title>Dump the ISO to a USB stick</title> - <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a - USB stick and then use it to boot and install the system.</para> + <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can dump them to a + USB stick and then use that to boot and install the system.</para> <warning> - <para>"Dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous - file-system on the device; any existing data will be lost and the - partition capacity will be reduced to the image size.</para> + <para>Dumping an image onto a flash device destroys any previous + file-system on the device and all existing data will be lost.</para> </warning> - <para>To recover the original capacity, you must redo partitioning and - re-format the USB stick.</para> + <note> + <para>Also, the only partition on the flash device will then just be + the Mageia ISO partition.</para> + <para>So, if an ISO of about 4GB is written to an 8GB USB stick, the + stick will then only show up as 4GB. This is because the remaining 4GB + is no longer formatted - hence not currently available for use. To + recover the original capacity, you must reformat and repartition the + USB stick.</para> + </note> <section> <title>Using a graphical tool within Mageia</title> <para>You can use a graphical tool like <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks">IsoDumper</link></para> @@ -265,7 +305,7 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para><link ns4:href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US">Rufus</link> using - the "ISO image" option;</para> + the "ISO image" option</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link ns4:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager">Win32 @@ -274,7 +314,7 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about </itemizedlist> </section> <section> - <title>Using Command line within a GNU/Linux system</title> + <title>Using the Command line within a GNU/Linux system</title> <warning> <para>It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk overwriting potentially valuable existing data if you specify the @@ -285,35 +325,38 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about <para>Open a console</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Become a root (Administrator) user with the command - <userinput>su -</userinput> (don't forget the final '-' )</para> + <para>Become a <emphasis>root</emphasis> (Administrator) user with + the command <command>su -</command> (don't forget the + <command>-</command> )</para> <mediaobject> <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="../Root.png"/> + <imagedata align="center" fileref="Root.png"/> </imageobject> </mediaobject> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Plug in your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do - not open any application or file manager that could access or read - it)</para> + <para>Plug in your USB stick - but do not mount it (this also + means do not open any application or file manager that could + access or read it)</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Enter the command <userinput>fdisk -l</userinput></para> + <para>Enter the command <command>fdisk -l</command></para> <mediaobject> <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="../Fdisk.png"/> + <imagedata align="center" fileref="Fdisk.png"/> </imageobject> </mediaobject> </listitem> <listitem> <para>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for - example <code>/dev/sdb</code> in the screenshot above, it is an 8GB USB stick.</para> + example <filename>/dev/sdb</filename> in the screenshot above, is + an 8GB USB stick.</para> <para>Alternatively, you can find the device name with the command - <code>dmesg</code>: towards the end of this example, you can see - the device name starting with <emphasis>sd</emphasis>, and - in this case, <emphasis>sdd</emphasis> is the - actual device. You can also see that its size is 2GB:</para> + <command>dmesg</command>. Towards the end of the following + example, you can see the device name starting with + <filename>sd</filename>, and in this case, + <filename>sdd</filename> is the actual device. You can also see + that its size is 2GB:</para> <para><screen>[72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd [72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000 [72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 @@ -334,19 +377,19 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about [72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk</screen></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Enter the command: <emphasis role="bold"># <userinput>dd - if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX - bs=1M</userinput></emphasis></para> - <para>Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdd</para> - <para>Example:<emphasis role="bold"> # <userinput>dd + <para>Enter the command: <command>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file + of=/dev/sd<replaceable>X</replaceable> bs=1M</command></para> + <para>Where <replaceable>X</replaceable>=your device name eg: + <filename>/dev/sdd</filename></para> + <para>Example:<literal> dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-6-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdd - bs=1M</userinput></emphasis></para> + bs=1M</literal></para> <tip> - <para>It might helpful to know that <emphasis role="bold">if</emphasis> stands for <emphasis role="bold">i</emphasis>nput <emphasis role="bold">f</emphasis>ile and <emphasis role="bold">of</emphasis> stands for <emphasis role="bold">o</emphasis>utput <emphasis role="bold">f</emphasis>ile</para> + <para>It might be helpful to know that <emphasis role="bold">if</emphasis> stands for <emphasis role="bold">i</emphasis>nput <emphasis role="bold">f</emphasis>ile and <emphasis role="bold">of</emphasis> stands for <emphasis role="bold">o</emphasis>utput <emphasis role="bold">f</emphasis>ile</para> </tip> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>sync</userinput></para> + <para>Enter the command: <command>sync</command></para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>This is the end of the process, and you may now unplug your @@ -356,4 +399,4 @@ Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about </section> </section> </section> -</section> +</section>
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