installer/9/zh_cn/content/diskPartitioning.html


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		<a accesskey="n" href="software.html">下一页</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="headerlogo"><img src="https://doc.mageia.org/g/mageia-2013-200p.png" alt="Company Logo"/></div><h1 id="pagetitle">Partitioning<br/> </h1></div><div id="content"><!----><div xml:lang="zh_CN" class="section" title="Partitioning"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="diskPartitioning"><!----></a>Partitioning</h2></div></div></div><div xml:lang="zh_CN" class="section" title="Suggested Partitioning"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="doPartitionDisks"><!----></a>Suggested Partitioning</h3></div></div></div><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa1"><!----></a>In this screen you can see the content of your hard drive(s) along with the
DrakX partitioning proposals for where to install Mageia.</p><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa2"><!----></a>The actual options available from those shown below will vary according to
the layout and content of your particular hard drive(s).</p><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="images/dx2-doPartitionDisks.png" align="middle"/></div><div class="itemizedlist" title="Main Options"><p class="title"><b>Main Options</b></p><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa4"><!----></a><span class="bold"><strong>Use Existing Partitions</strong></span></p><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa5"><!----></a>若此选项可用，表面安装程序找到了现存的 Linux 分区，并且可以将其用于 Mageia 的安装。</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa6"><!----></a><span class="bold"><strong>Use Free Space</strong></span></p><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa7"><!----></a>若硬盘上有未使用的区域，此选项将会把 Mageia 安装到该区域中。</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa8"><!----></a><span class="bold"><strong>Use Free Space on a Windows Partition</strong></span></p><p><a id="suggestedPartitioning-pa9"><!----></a>If you have unused space on an existing Windows partition, the installer may
offer to use it. This can be a useful way of making room for your new Mageia
installation, but is a risky operation so you should make sure you have
backed up all important files!</p><p>With this option, the installer displays the remaining Windows partition in
light blue and the proposed Mageia partition in dark blue with their
intended sizes just underneath. You have the option to modify these sizes by
clicking and dragging the gap between both partitions.  See the following
screenshot:</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa12"><!----></a><span class="bold"><strong>Erase and use Entire Disk</strong></span></p><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa13"><!----></a>This option will allocate the entire drive for Mageia</p><div class="warning" title="警告" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">警告</h3><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa14"><!----></a>This will erase ALL data on the selected hard drive. Take care! If you
intend to use part of the disk for something else, or you already have data
on the drive that you are not prepared to lose, then do not use this option.</p></div><div class="important" title="重要" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">重要</h3><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa11"><!----></a>将会缩小 Windows 分区的大小。该分区必须为“clean”状态，即上一次使用 Windows
时必须正常地关机或重启。同时，该分区也应当进行碎片整理，即便不能将文件碎片完全移出待使用区域。我们推荐您对个人文件进行备份后再进行此操作。</p></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa16"><!----></a><span class="bold"><strong>Custom Disk Partitioning</strong></span></p><p><a id="doPartitionDisks-pa17"><!----></a>允许您完全控制系统在硬盘上的安装方式。</p></li></ul></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../../en/content/images/dx2-doPartitionDisks2.png" align="middle"/></div><p>If you are not using the <span class="emphasis"><em>Custom disk partitioning</em></span>
option, then the installer will allocate the available space according to
the following rules:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>If the total available space is less than 50 GB, then only one partition is
created. This will be the <code class="filename">/</code> (root)  partition.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If the total available space is greater than 50 GB, then three partitions
are created</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="circle"><li class="listitem"><p>6/19 of the total available place is allocated to <code class="filename">/</code>
with a maximum of 50 GB</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1/19 is allocated to <code class="filename">swap</code> with a maximum of 4 GB</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>the rest (at least 12/19) is allocated to <code class="filename">/home</code></p></li></ul></div></li></ul></div><p>This means that from 160 GB or greater available space, the installer will
create three partitions:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>50 GB for <code class="filename">/</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>4 GB for <code class="filename">swap</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>and the remainder for <code class="filename">/home</code></p></li></ul></div><div class="note" title="注意" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">注意</h3><p>If you are using a UEFI system, the ESP (EFI System Partition) will be
automatically detected - or created if it does not exist yet - and mounted
on <code class="filename">/boot/EFI</code>. The <span class="emphasis"><em>Custom disk
partitioning</em></span> option is the only one that allows to check it has
been correctly done.</p><p>If you are using a Legacy (also known as BIOS) system with a GPT partitioned
disk, you need to create a BIOS boot partition if it doesn't already
exist. It should be about 1 MiB with no mount point. It can be created with
the Installer, under <span class="emphasis"><em>Custom disk partitioning</em></span>, like any
other partition. Be sure to select <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">BIOS boot partition</span>”</span> for
filesystem type.</p><p>See <a class="xref" href="diskPartitioning.html#diskdrake" title="Custom Disk Partitioning with DiskDrake">DiskDrake</a> for information on how to proceed.</p></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../../en/content/images/dx2-doPartitionDisks3.png" align="middle"/></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../../en/content/images/dx2-doPartitionDisks4.png" align="middle"/></div><div class="important" title="重要" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">重要</h3><p>Some newer drives are now using 4096 byte logical sectors, instead of the
previous standard of 512. Due to lack of available hardware, the
partitioning tool used in the installer has not been tested with such a
drive.</p><p>Some SSD devices now use an erase block size over 1 MB. If you have such a
device we suggest that you partition the drive in advance, using an
alternative partitioning tool like gparted, and to use the following
settings:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Align to</em></span> = MiB</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Free space preceding (MiB)</em></span> = 2</p></li></ul></div><p>Also make sure all partitions are created using an even number of megabytes.</p></div></div><div xml:lang="zh_CN" class="section" title="选择挂载点"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="ask_mntpoint_s"><!----></a>选择挂载点</h3></div></div></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="images/dx2-chooseMountpoints.png" align="middle"/></div><p>Here you see the Linux partitions that have been found on your computer. If
you don't agree with the DrakX suggestions, you can change the mount points
yourself.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>To the left of the drop-down menus is a list of available partitions. For
example: <code class="filename">sda</code> is a hard drive - and
<code class="filename">5</code> is a <span class="emphasis"><em>partition number</em></span>, followed
by the<span class="emphasis"><em> (capacity, mount point, filesystem type)</em></span> of the
partition.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If you have several partitions, you can choose various different
<span class="emphasis"><em>mount points</em></span> from the drop down menu, such as
<code class="filename">/</code>, <code class="filename">/home</code> and
<code class="filename">/var</code>. You can even make your own mount points, for
instance <code class="filename">/video</code> for a partition where you want to store
your films, or perhaps <code class="filename">/Data</code> for all your data files.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>For any partitions that you don't need to make use of, you can leave the
mount point field blank.</p></li></ul></div><div class="warning" title="警告" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">警告</h3><p>If you make any changes here, ensure you still have a <code class="filename">/</code>
(root) partition.</p></div><div class="tip" title="提示" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">提示</h3><p>If you are not sure what to choose, click <span class="emphasis"><em>Previous</em></span> to
go back and then tick <span class="emphasis"><em>Custom disk partitioning</em></span>, where
you can click on a partition to see its type and size.</p></div><p>If you are sure the mount points are correct, click on
<span class="emphasis"><em>Next</em></span>, and choose whether you only want to format the
partition suggested by DrakX, or more.</p></div><div xml:lang="zh_CN" class="section" title="确定要格式化的硬盘"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="takeOverHdConfirm"><!----></a>确定要格式化的硬盘</h3></div></div></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="images/dx2-takeOverHdConfirm.png" align="middle"/></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><a id="takeOverHdConfirm-pa1"><!----></a>Click on <span class="emphasis"><em>Previous</em></span> if you are at all unsure about your
choice.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="takeOverHdConfirm-pa2"><!----></a>Click on <span class="emphasis"><em>Next</em></span> to proceed if you are sure that it is OK
to erase <span class="bold"><strong>every</strong></span> partition, <span class="bold"><strong>every</strong></span> operating system and <span class="bold"><strong>all
data</strong></span> that might be on that hard disk.</p></li></ul></div></div><div xml:lang="zh_CN" class="section" title="Custom Disk Partitioning with DiskDrake"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="diskdrake"><!----></a>Custom Disk Partitioning with DiskDrake</h3></div></div></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="images/dx2-diskdrake.png" align="middle"/></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><a id="diskdrake-pa3"><!----></a>Modify the layout of your disk(s) here. You can remove or create partitions,
change the filesystem or size of a partition and even view their details
before you start.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="diskdrake-pa4"><!----></a>There is a tab at the top for every detected hard disk (or other storage
device, like a USB key). In the screenshot above there are two available
devices: <code class="filename">sda </code>and <code class="filename">sdb</code>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="diskdrake-pa6"><!----></a>For all other actions: click on the desired partition first. Then view it,
or choose a filesystem and a mount point, resize it or wipe
it. <span class="emphasis"><em>Expert mode</em></span> provides more options such as to label
(name) a partition, or to choose a partition type.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="diskdrake-pa6a"><!----></a>Continue until you have adjusted everything to your satisfaction, then click
<span class="emphasis"><em>Done</em></span> when you're ready.</p></li></ul></div><div class="warning" title="警告" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">警告</h3><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><a id="diskdrake-pa5"><!----></a>Take care with the <span class="emphasis"><em>Clear all</em></span> option, use it only if you
are sure you want to wipe all partitions on the selected storage device.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a id="diskdrake-pa1"><!----></a>If you wish to use encryption on your <code class="filename">/</code> partition you
must ensure that you have a separate <code class="filename">/boot</code>
partition. The encryption option for the <code class="filename">/boot</code>
partition must NOT be set, otherwise your system will be unbootable.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="important" title="重要" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">重要</h3><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>If you are installing Mageia on a UEFI system, check that an ESP (EFI System
Partition) is present and correctly mounted on
<code class="filename">/boot/EFI</code>. See Figure 1 below.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If you are installing Mageia on a Legacy/GPT system, check that a BIOS boot
partition is present and of the correct type. See Figure 2 below.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="figure"><a id="d4e658"><!----></a><p class="title"><b>图 1. EFI System Partition</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="images/dx2-diskdrake2.png" align="middle" alt="EFI System Partition"/></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"/><div class="figure"><a id="d4e663"><!----></a><p class="title"><b>图 2. BIOS boot partition</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../../en/content/images/dx2-doPartitionDisks3.png" align="middle" alt="BIOS boot partition"/></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"/></div><div xml:lang="zh_CN" class="section" title="格式化"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="formatPartitions"><!----></a>格式化</h3></div></div></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="images/dx2-formatPartitions.png" align="middle"/></div><p><a id="formatPartitions-pa1"><!----></a>Here you can choose which partition(s) you wish to format. Any data on
partitions <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> marked for formatting will be preserved.</p><p><a id="formatPartitions-pa2"><!----></a>Usually, at least the partitions that DrakX selected need to be formatted.</p><p><a id="formatPartitions-pa3"><!----></a>Click on <span class="emphasis"><em>Advanced</em></span> to choose the partitions you want to
check for so-called <span class="emphasis"><em>bad blocks</em></span></p><div class="tip" title="提示" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">提示</h3><p><a id="formatPartitions-pa4"><!----></a>If you're not sure you have made the right choice, you can click on
<span class="emphasis"><em>Previous</em></span>, again on <span class="emphasis"><em>Previous</em></span> and
then on <span class="emphasis"><em>Custom</em></span> to get back to the main screen, where
you can choose to view details of your partitions.</p></div><p><a id="formatPartitions-pa5"><!----></a>When you are confident about the selections, click on
<span class="emphasis"><em>Next</em></span> to continue.</p></div></div><script xmlns="" type="text/javascript" src="main.js"><!----></script><hr xmlns=""/><div xmlns="" class="copyright">© Mageia</div><div xmlns="" class="license"><a href="index.html#CC_BY-SA">CC BY-SA 3.0</a></div><div id="upload_date">Uploaded on 11/06/2023</div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="selectKeyboard.html">上一页</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="software.html">下一页</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">起始页</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr></table></div></div><span id="zz_current-id" style="display: none;" data-id="toc-d4e478"><!----></span><div><div id="leftnavigation"><div id="tabs"><ul><li><a 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href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e123">netinstall-nonfree.iso</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e128"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e128">下载和检查媒介</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e130"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e130">下载中</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e148"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e148">检查下载文件的完整性</a></span></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e167"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e167">刻录或转储 ISO</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e171"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e171">将ISO文件刻录到CD或DVD</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e178"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e178">写入 ISO 到 U 盘</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e186"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e186">使用 Mageia 的图形化工具</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e190"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e190">使用 Windows 下的图形化工具</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e200"><span class="file section"><a href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#d4e200">Using the Command line within a GNU/Linux system</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e255"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html">DrakX，Mageia 的安装器</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e259"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e259">安装步骤</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e281"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e281">安装欢迎屏幕</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e285"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e285">Legacy (BIOS) Systems</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e308"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e308">UEFI Systems</a></span></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e330"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e330">安装问题和问题解决方案</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e332"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e332">不使用图形界面</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e347"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e347">安装停止</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e351"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e351">内存问题</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e358"><span class="file section"><a href="installer.html#d4e358">动态分区</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e365"><span class="file section"><a href="selectLanguage.html">请选择要使用的语言</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e392"><span class="file section"><a href="acceptLicense.html">许可证和发行说明</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e399"><span class="file section"><a href="acceptLicense.html#license">许可协议</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e413"><span class="file section"><a href="acceptLicense.html#releaseNotes">发行说明</a></span></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e418"><span class="file section"><a href="setupSCSI.html">设置SCSI</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e426"><span class="file section"><a href="selectInstallClass.html">新安装或升级</a></span></li><li 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class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#d4e985">Bootloader Setup</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e988"><span class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#d4e988">引导程序的主要选项</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1038"><span class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#d4e1038">Bootloader Configuration</a></span></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e1074"><span class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#d4e1074">Other Options</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e1076"><span class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#d4e1076">使用现存的引导器</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1079"><span class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#d4e1079">Installing Without a Bootloader</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1082"><span class="file section"><a href="setupBootloader.html#setupBootloaderAddEntry">添加或修改引导菜单项</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e1090"><span class="file section"><a href="misc-params.html">Configuration Summary</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e1107"><span class="file section"><a href="misc-params.html#misc-params-system">系统参数</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1138"><span class="file section"><a href="misc-params.html#misc-params-hardware">硬件参数</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1166"><span class="file section"><a href="misc-params.html#misc-params-network">网络和 Internet 参数</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1182"><span class="file section"><a href="misc-params.html#misc-params-security">安全</a></span></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e1201"><span class="file section"><a href="locale.html">Locale</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e1203"><span class="file section"><a href="locale.html#configureTimezoneUTC">配置时区</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1215"><span class="file section"><a href="locale.html#selectCountry">选择您所在的国家/地区</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e1231"><span class="file section"><a href="locale.html#inputMethod">输入法</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e1243"><span class="file section"><a href="configureServices.html">配置服务</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1256"><span class="file section"><a href="selectMouse.html">选择鼠标</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1271"><span class="file section"><a href="soundConfig.html">声音配置</a></span><ul><li id="toc-d4e1287"><span class="file section"><a href="soundConfig.html#soundConfig-Advanced">高级</a></span></li></ul></li><li id="toc-d4e1292"><span class="file section"><a href="securityLevel.html">安全级别</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1314"><span class="file section"><a href="firewall.html">Firewall</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1339"><span class="file section"><a href="installUpdates.html">更新</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1356"><span class="file section"><a href="exitInstall.html">恭喜</a></span></li><li id="toc-d4e1368"><span class="file section"><a href="uninstall-Mageia.html">卸载Mageia</a></span></li></ul></div></div><div id="searchDiv"><div id="search"><form onsubmit="Verifie(ditaSearch_Form);return false" name="ditaSearch_Form" class="searchForm"><fieldset 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