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authorYuri Chornoivan <yurchor@ukr.net>2025-05-30 20:38:43 +0300
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<html>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
<body>

<!-- help=boot -->

<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="help">Using the Help System</a></h3>

The boot loader online help is context sensitive. It gives information
about the selected menu item or, if you are editing boot options,
it tries to look up information about the option in which the cursor is
positioned.<br>
<br>
Navigation Keys<br><br>

  <em>Up Arrow</em>: highlight previous link<br>
  <em>Down Arrow</em>: highlight next link<br>
  <em>Left Arrow</em>, <em>Backspace</em>: return to previous topic<br>
  <em>Right Arrow</em>, <em>Enter</em>, <em>Space</em>: follow link<br>
  <em>Page Up</em>: scroll up one page<br>
  <em>Page Down</em>: scroll down one page<br>
  <em>Home</em>: go to page start<br>
  <em>End</em>: go to page end<br>
  <em>Esc</em>: leave help<br>

<br>Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>


<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="keytable">Language and Keyboard Layout Selection</a></h3>

Press <em>F2</em> to change language and keyboard layout the boot loader uses.

<br><br>Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>


<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="profile">Choose Profile</a></h3>

Press <em>F3</em> to select a profile. Your system will be started using the
configuration saved in this profile.

<br><br>Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>


<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="opt">Boot Options</a></h3>

  <a href="#o_splash">splash</a> -- influence the behavior of the splash screen<br>
  <a href="#o_apm">apm</a> -- toggle power management<br>
  <a href="#o_acpi">acpi</a> -- advanced configuration and power interface<br>
  <a href="#o_ide">ide</a> -- control the IDE subsystem<br>

<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="o_splash">Kernel Options: splash</a></h3>

The splash screen is the picture shown during system start-up.<br>
<br>
<em>splash=0</em><br>
The splash screen is switched off. This may be useful
with very old monitors or if some error occurs.<br>
<br>
<em>splash=verbose</em><br> Activates splash, kernel and boot messages are 
still shown.<br>
<br>
<em>splash=silent</em><br>
Activates splash, but no messages. Instead a progress bar is drawn.<br>
<br>
Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>


<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="o_apm">Kernel Options: apm</a></h3>

APM is one of the two power management strategies used on current
computers. It is mainly used with laptops for functions like suspend
to disk, but it may also be responsible for switching off the
computer after power down. APM relies on a correct working BIOS. If
the BIOS is broken, APM may have only limited use or even prevent the
computer from working. Therefore, it may be switched off with the
parameter<br><br>

  <em>apm=off</em>  -- switch off APM completely<br><br>

Some very new computers may benefit more from the newer
<a href="#o_acpi">ACPI</a>.

<br><br>Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>


<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="o_acpi">Kernel Options: acpi</a></h3>

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is a
standard that defines power and configuration management interfaces
between an operating system and the BIOS. By default, <em>acpi</em> is
switched on when a BIOS is detected that is newer than from year
2000. There are several commonly
used parameters to control the behavior of ACPI:<br>
<br>
  <em>pci=noacpi</em> -- do not use ACPI to route PCI interrupts
  <em>acpi=oldboot</em> -- only the parts of ACPI that are relevant
for booting remain activated<br>
  <em>acpi=off</em> -- switch off ACPI completely<br>
  <em>acpi=force</em> -- switch on ACPI even if your BIOS is dated
before 2000<br>
<br>
Especially on new computers, it replaces the old
<a href="#o_apm">apm</a> system.


<br><br>Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>


<hr><!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<h3><a name="o_ide">Kernel Options: ide</a></h3>

IDE is, unlike SCSI, commonly used in most desktop workstations.
To circumvent some hardware problems that occur with IDE systems, use the
kernel parameter: <br><br> 

  <em>ide=nodma</em>  -- switch off dma for IDE drives<br>



<br><br>Return to <a href="#opt">Boot Options</a>.

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