path: root/docs/docs/stable/installer/pl/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:ns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:ns3="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:ns4="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ns42="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ns5="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="5.0" xml:lang="pl" xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs">
  
  <info>
    <!-- Made by Lebarhon 2014 03 26 

Lebarhon updated for Mageia 6 2016 12 16 (still waiting for clarification about 1.3.2-->
<title xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs-ti1">Wybierz i użyj obrazu ISO</title>
  </info>
  <section>
    <title>Wprowadzenie</title>
    <para>Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to choose
which image best suits your needs.</para>
    <para>There are two families of media:</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>Classical installer: Booting with this media provides you with the maximum
flexibility when choosing what to install, and for configuring your
system. In particular, you have a choice of which Desktop environment to
install</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>LIVE media: This option allows you to try out Mageia without having to
actually install it, or make any changes to your computer.  If the
installation is decided, the process is simpler, but you get fewer choices
than offered by the Classical installer</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>Details are given in the next sections.</para>
  </section>
  <section>
    <title>Nośnik</title>
    <section>
      <title>Definicja</title>
      <para>Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to
install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical support (DVD, USB
stick, ...) the ISO file is copied to.</para>
      <para>You can find Mageia ISO's <link
ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/">here</link>.</para>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Klasyczne medium instalacji</title>
      <section>
        <title>Powszechne możliwości</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>These ISOs use the Classical installer called drakx.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>They are used for performing clean installs or to upgrade a previously
installed version of Mageia.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 and 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test,
Hardware Detection Tool.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Dostaniesz wybór podczas instalacji aby dodać niewolne oprogramowanie.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Nośniki live</title>
      <section>
        <title>Powszechne możliwości</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Can be used to preview the Mageia operating system without having to install
it. Can also be used to install Mageia if you wish.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (Plasma, GNOME or Xfce).</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 and 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Live ISOs can only be used to create clean
installations, they cannot be used to upgrade previously installed Mageia
releases.</emphasis></para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Zawierają one niewolne oprogramowanie.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>Live DVD Plasma</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Plasma desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>All available languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>64 bit architecture only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>Live DVD GNOME</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Tylko środowisko graficzne GNOME.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>All available languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>64 bit architecture only</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>Live DVD Xfce</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Xfce desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>All available languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Net install media</title>
      <section>
        <title>Powszechne możliwości</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>These are minimal ISO's containing no more than that which is needed to
start the drakx installer and find drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages
that are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be
on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the
Internet.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient if
bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, or if you have a PC without a
DVD drive or is unable to boot from a USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 and 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>First steps are English language only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>netinstall.iso</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains only free software, for those people who prefer not to use non-free
software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>netinstall-nonfree.iso</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need
it.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>
  <section>
    <title>Pobieranie i Sprawdzanie Mediów</title>
    <section>
      <title>Pobieranie</title>
      <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or
BitTorrent. In both cases, you are provided with some information, such as
the mirror in use and an option to switch if the bandwidth is too low. If
http is chosen, you will also see something regarding checksums.</para>
      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Checking.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>
      <para>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Choose one or the
other, and copy the checksum <link linkend="integrity">for later
use</link>. Then a window similar to this one appears:</para>
      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Download.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>
      <para>Select the Save File option, then, click OK.</para>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title xml:id="integrity">Checking the integrity of the downloaded media</title>
      <para>The checksums referred to earlier, are digital fingerprints generated by an
algorithm from the file to be downloaded. You may compare the checksum of
your downloaded ISO against that of the original source ISO. If the
checksums do not match, it means that the actual data on the ISO's do not
match, and if it is the case, then you should retry the download or attempt
a repair using BitTorrent.</para>
      <para>To generate the checksum for your downloaded ISO, open a console, (no need
to be root), and:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>To use md5sum, type: <userinput>md5sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To use sha1sum, type: <userinput>sha1sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput></para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para> Example:</para>
      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../Md5sum.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>
      <para>and compare the result (you may have to wait for a while) with the checksum
provided by Mageia.</para>
    </section>
  </section>
  <section>
    <title>Wypal lub zrzuć obraz ISO</title>
    <para>The verified ISO can now be burned to a CD/DVD or dumped to a USB
stick. This is not a standard copy operation as a bootable medium will
actually be created.</para>
    <section>
      <title>Wypalenie obrazu ISO na CD/DVD</title>
      <para>Whichever software you use, ensure that the option to burn an <emphasis
role="bold">image</emphasis> is used, burn <emphasis
role="bold">data</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">files</emphasis> is not
correct. See <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the Mageia
wiki</link> for more information.</para>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Zrzuć obraz ISO na pamięci USB</title>
      <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a USB stick
and then use it to boot and install the system.</para>
      <warning>
        <para>"Dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on
the device; any existing data will be lost and the partition capacity will
be reduced to the image size.</para>
      </warning>
      <para>To recover the original capacity, you must redo partitioning and re-format
the USB stick.</para>
      <section>
        <title>Używanie graficznych narzędzi w Magei</title>
        <para>You can use a graphical tool like <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks">IsoDumper</link></para>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>Używanie graficznych narzędzi w Windows</title>
        <para>Powinieneś spróbować:</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para><link ns4:href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US">Rufus</link> using the
"ISO image" option;</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para><link ns4:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager">Win32 Disk
Imager</link></para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
      <section>
        <title>Użycie linii poleceń w systemie GNU/Linux</title>
        <warning>
          <para>It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk overwriting
potentially valuable existing data if you specify the wrong target device.</para>
        </warning>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Otwórz konsolę</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Become a root (Administrator) user with the command <userinput>su
-</userinput> (don't forget the final '-' )</para>
            <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../Root.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Plug in your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do not open any
application or file manager that could access or read it)</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Wpisz polecenie <userinput>fdisk -l</userinput></para>
            <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../Fdisk.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example
<code>/dev/sdb</code> in the screenshot above, it is an 8GB USB stick.</para>
            <para>Alternatively, you can find the device name with the command
<code>dmesg</code>: towards the end of this example, you can see the device
name starting with <emphasis>sd</emphasis>, and in this case,
<emphasis>sdd</emphasis> is the actual device. You can also see that its
size is 2GB:</para>
            <para><screen>[72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
[72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
[72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[72594.770536] usb 1-1: Product: Mass Storage Device
[72594.770537] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: JetFlash
[72594.770539] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 18MJTWLMPUCC3SSB
[72594.770713] usb 1-1: ep 0x81 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.770719] usb 1-1: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.771122] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[72594.772447] scsi host8: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[72595.963238] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access     JetFlash Transcend 2GB    1100 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[72595.963626] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.14 GB/2.00 GiB)
[72595.964104] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[72595.964108] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[72595.965025] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[72595.965031] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
[72595.967251]  <emphasis>sdd</emphasis>: sdd1
[72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk</screen></para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: <emphasis role="bold"># <userinput>dd
if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX bs=1M</userinput></emphasis></para>
            <para>Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdd</para>
            <para>Example:<emphasis role="bold"> # <userinput>dd
if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-6-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdd
bs=1M</userinput></emphasis></para>
            <tip>
              <para>It might helpful to know that <emphasis role="bold">if</emphasis> stands for
<emphasis role="bold">i</emphasis>nput <emphasis role="bold">f</emphasis>ile
and <emphasis role="bold">of</emphasis> stands for <emphasis
role="bold">o</emphasis>utput <emphasis role="bold">f</emphasis>ile</para>
            </tip>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Wpisz polecenie: # <userinput>sync</userinput></para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>This is the end of the process, and you may now unplug your USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>
</section>