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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Välj och använd ISO-filer</title>
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<div lang="sv" class="section" title="Välj och använd ISO-filer">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 class="title"><a name="Select-and-use-ISOs"></a>Välj och använd ISO-filer
</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Presentation">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a name="d5e19"></a>Presentation
</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Mageia distribueras via ISO-avbilder. Den här sidan kommer att hjälpa dig
att välja vilken avbild som bäst passar dina behov.
</p>
<p>Det finns tre sorters installationsmedier:</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="bold"><strong>Classical installer:</strong></span> Booting with this
media provides you with the maximum flexibility when choosing what to
install, and for configuring your system. In particular, you have a choice
of which Desktop environment to install.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="bold"><strong>LIVE media:</strong></span> This option allows you to try
out Mageia without having to actually install it, or make any changes to
your computer. However, the Live media also includes an Installer, which can
be started when booting the media, or after booting into the Live operating
system itself.
</p>
<div class="note" title="Notera" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Note">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Notera]" src="note.png"></td>
<th align="left"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>The Live Installer is simpler compared to the Classical Installer - but you
have fewer configuration options.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="important" title="Viktigt" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Important">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Viktigt]" src="important.png"></td>
<th align="left"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>Live ISOs can only be used to create <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">clean</span>”</span> installations,
they cannot be used to upgrade previously installed Mageia releases.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="bold"><strong>Net Install</strong></span>: These are minimal ISO's
containing no more than that which is needed to start the DrakX installer
and find <code class="literal">DrakX-installer-stage2</code> and other packages that
are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be on
the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the Internet.
</p>
<p>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient if
bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, or if you have a PC without a
DVD drive or is unable to boot from a USB stick.
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>More details are given in the next sections.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Media">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a name="d5e41"></a>Media
</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Definition">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e43"></a>Definition
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to
install and/or update Mageia and, by extension, any physical medium (DVD,
USB stick, ...) the ISO file is copied to.
</p>
<p>Du kan hitta ISO-filer för Mageia <a class="ulink" href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/" target="_top">här</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Klassiska installtionsmedier">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e48"></a>Klassiska installtionsmedier
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Vanliga funktioner">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e50"></a>Vanliga funktioner
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>De här ISO-filerna använder den klassiska installeraren som kallas DrakX</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>They are used for performing clean installs or to upgrade a previously
installed version of Mageia
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Olika media för 32 och 64-bitars arkitekturer</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Some tools are available in the Installer <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">Welcome</span>”</span> screen:
<span class="emphasis"><em>Rescue System, Memory Test, </em></span>and <span class="emphasis"><em>Hardware
Detection Tool</em></span></p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Varje DVD innehåller många tillgängliga skrivbordsmiljöer och språk</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non-free software</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Live media">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e68"></a>Live media
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Vanliga funktioner">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e70"></a>Vanliga funktioner
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Can be used to preview the Mageia operating system without having to install
it
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Live-mediet inkluderar också en installerare.</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Varje ISO innehåller endast en skrivbordsmiljö (Plasma, GNOME eller Xfce)</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Olika media för 32 och 64-bitars arkitekturer</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>De innehåller icke-fri mjukvara</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Live DVD Plasma">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e83"></a>Live DVD Plasma
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Endast skrivbordsmiljön Plasma</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Alla tillgängliga språk är närvarande</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>endast 64-bitars arkitektur</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Live DVD GNOME">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e92"></a>Live DVD GNOME
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>endast skrivbordsmiljön GNOME</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Alla tillgängliga språk är närvarande</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>endast 64-bitars arkitektur</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Live DVD Xfce">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e101"></a>Live DVD Xfce
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>endast skrivbordsmiljön Xfce</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Alla tillgängliga språk är närvarande</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>32 eller 64-bitars arkitekturer</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Installationsmedia via nätverk">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e110"></a>Installationsmedia via nätverk
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Vanliga funktioner">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e112"></a>Vanliga funktioner
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Olika media för 32 och 64-bitars arkitekturer</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>First steps are English language only</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="netinstall.iso">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e119"></a>netinstall.iso
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Innehåller endast fri mjukvara, för de som föredrar att inte använda
icke-fri mjukvara
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="netinstall-nonfree.iso">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e124"></a>netinstall-nonfree.iso
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Innehåller icke-fri mjukvara (mestadels drivrutiner, kodekar...) för de som
behöver det
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Laddar ner och kontrollerar media">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a name="d5e129"></a>Laddar ner och kontrollerar media
</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Hämtar">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e131"></a>Hämtar
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or
BitTorrent. In both cases, you are provided with some information, such as
the mirror in use and an option to switch to an alternative if the bandwidth
is too low.
</p>
<p>If http is chosen you will also see some information regarding checksums.</p>
<p><code class="literal">md5sum</code>, <code class="literal">sha1sum</code> and
<code class="literal">sha512sum</code> (the most secure) are tools to check the ISO
integrity. Copy one of the checksums (string of alphanumeric characters) for
use in the next section.
</p>
<p>In the meantime, a window to download the actual ISO will open:</p>
<p>Klicka på <span class="emphasis"><em>Spara fil</em></span>, klicka sen på
<span class="emphasis"><em>OK</em></span>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Kontrollerar integriteten på nerladdad media">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e149"></a>Kontrollerar integriteten på nerladdad media
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>The checksums referred to earlier, are digital fingerprints generated by an
algorithm from the file to be downloaded. You may compare the checksum of
your downloaded ISO against that of the original source ISO. If the
checksums do not match, it means that the actual data on the ISO's do not
match, and if that is the case, then you should retry the download or
attempt a repair using BitTorrent.
</p>
<p>Öppna en konsol för att generera kontrollsumman för din nerladdade ISO
(inget behov av att vara root), och:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p>För att använda md5-summan, skriv: <span class="command"><strong>md5sum
genvägen/till/din/avbild.iso</strong></span></p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>För att använda sha1-summan, skriv: <span class="command"><strong>sha1sum
genväg/till/avbild.iso</strong></span></p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>To use the sha512sum, type: <span class="command"><strong>sha512sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</strong></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Exempel:</p>
<p>then compare the result (you may have to wait for a while) with the ISO
checksum provided by Mageia.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Bränn eller dumpa ISO-filen.">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a name="d5e168"></a>Bränn eller dumpa ISO-filen.
</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>The verified ISO can now be burned to a CD/DVD or <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">dumped</span>”</span> to a
USB stick. This is not a standard copy operation, as a bootable medium will
actually be created.
</p>
<div class="section" title="Att bränna ISO-filen till en CD/DVD">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e172"></a>Att bränna ISO-filen till en CD/DVD
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Whichever software you use, ensure that the option to burn an<span class="emphasis"><em>
image</em></span> is used. Burn <span class="emphasis"><em>data</em></span> or
<span class="emphasis"><em>files</em></span> is NOT correct. See the <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images" target="_top">the Mageia
wiki</a> for more information.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Dumpa ISOn till ett USB-minne">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a name="d5e179"></a>Dumpa ISOn till ett USB-minne
</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can dump them to a USB stick
and then use that to boot and install the system.
</p>
<div class="warning" title="Varning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Warning">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Varning]" src="warning.png"></td>
<th align="left"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>Dumping an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on
the device and all existing data will be lost.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="note" title="Notera" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Note">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Notera]" src="note.png"></td>
<th align="left"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>Also, the only partition on the flash device will then just be the Mageia
ISO partition.
</p>
<p>So, if an ISO of about 4GB is written to an 8GB USB stick, the stick will
then only show up as 4GB. This is because the remaining 4GB is no longer
formatted - hence not currently available for use. To recover the original
capacity, you must reformat and repartition the USB stick.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Använda ett grafiskt verktyg i Mageia">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e187"></a>Använda ett grafiskt verktyg i Mageia
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Du kan använda ett grafiskt verktyg som t. ex. <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks" target="_top">IsoDumper</a></p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Använda ett grafiskt verktyg i Windows">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e191"></a>Använda ett grafiskt verktyg i Windows
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Du kan prova:</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<p><a class="ulink" href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US" target="_top">Rufus</a> using the
"ISO image" option
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><a class="ulink" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager" target="_top">Win32-diskavbildaren</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" title="Using the Command line within a GNU/Linux system">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 class="title"><a name="d5e201"></a>Using the Command line within a GNU/Linux system
</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="warning" title="Varning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Warning">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Varning]" src="warning.png"></td>
<th align="left"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk overwriting
potentially valuable existing data if you specify the wrong target device.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Öppna en konsol</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Become a <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> (Administrator) user with the command
<span class="command"><strong>su -</strong></span> (don't forget the <span class="command"><strong>-</strong></span> )
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Plug in your USB stick - but do not mount it (this also means do not open
any application or file manager that could access or read it)
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Skriv kommandot <span class="command"><strong>fdisk -l</strong></span></p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example
<code class="filename">/dev/sdb</code> in the screenshot above, is an 8GB USB stick.
</p>
<p>Alternatively, you can find the device name with the command
<span class="command"><strong>dmesg</strong></span>. Towards the end of the following example, you can
see the device name starting with <code class="filename">sd</code>, and in this case,
<code class="filename">sdd</code> is the actual device. You can also see that its
size is 2GB:
</p>
<pre class="screen">[72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
[72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
[72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[72594.770536] usb 1-1: Product: Mass Storage Device
[72594.770537] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: JetFlash
[72594.770539] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 18MJTWLMPUCC3SSB
[72594.770713] usb 1-1: ep 0x81 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.770719] usb 1-1: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.771122] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[72594.772447] scsi host8: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[72595.963238] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access JetFlash Transcend 2GB 1100 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[72595.963626] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.14 GB/2.00 GiB)
[72595.964104] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[72595.964108] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[72595.965025] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[72595.965031] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
[72595.967251] <span class="emphasis"><em>sdd</em></span>: sdd1
[72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk</pre>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Skriv kommandot: <span class="command"><strong>dd if=genväg/till/ISO
of=/dev/sd<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em> bs=1M</strong></span></p>
<p>Där <em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>=namnet på din enhet t.ex:
<code class="filename">/dev/sdd</code></p>
<p>Example:<code class="literal"> dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-6-x86_64-DVD.iso
of=/dev/sdd bs=1M</code></p>
<div class="tip" title="Tips" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Tip">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Tips]" src="tip.png"></td>
<th align="left"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>It might be helpful to know that <span class="bold"><strong>if</strong></span> stands
for <span class="bold"><strong>i</strong></span>nput <span class="bold"><strong>f</strong></span>ile and <span class="bold"><strong>of</strong></span> stands
for <span class="bold"><strong>o</strong></span>utput <span class="bold"><strong>f</strong></span>ile
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Skriv kommandot: <span class="command"><strong>sync</strong></span></p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Det här är slutet av processen, och du kan nu dra ut din USB-sticka.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
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