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	Mageia Installer Help	Marja Van Waes [marja]

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	Commit message (Expand)	Author	Age	Files	Lines
*	Update Russian files#	Papoteur	2016-09-20	1	-4/+5
*	update Russian help files	Marja van Waes	2016-06-14	1	-25/+82
*	update Russian translation	Marja van Waes	2015-05-13	1	-1/+11
*	update Russian translation	Marja van Waes	2014-01-22	1	-6/+6
*	updated and deleted Russian files	Marja van Waes	2013-11-17	1	-17/+18
*	new Russian translation from Calenco	Marja van Waes	2013-04-17	1	-0/+195

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<!-- <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"> -->
<!-- $Id: installation.xml,v 1.92 2005/03/09 18:59:24 travis%sedsystems.ca Exp $ -->
<chapter id="installing-bugzilla">
  <title>Installing Bugzilla</title>

  <section id="installation">
    <title>Installation</title>

    <note>
      <para>If you just want to <emphasis>use</emphasis> Bugzilla, 
      you do not need to install it. None of this chapter is relevant to
      you. Ask your Bugzilla administrator
      for the URL to access it over the web.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>The Bugzilla server software is usually installed on Linux or 
    Solaris. 
    If you are installing on another OS, check <xref linkend="os-specific"/>
    before you start your installation to see if there are any special
    instructions.
    </para>

    <para>
      As an alternative to following these instructions, you may wish to
      try Arne Schirmacher's unofficial and unsupported 
      <ulink url="http://www.softwaretesting.de/article/view/33/1/8/">Bugzilla
      Installer</ulink>, which installs Bugzilla and all its prerequisites
      on Linux or Solaris systems.
    </para>

    <para>This guide assumes that you have administrative access to the
    Bugzilla machine. It not possible to
    install and run Bugzilla itself without administrative access except
    in the very unlikely event that every single prerequisite is
    already installed.
    </para>

    <warning>
      <para>The installation process may make your machine insecure for
      short periods of time. Make sure there is a firewall between you
      and the Internet.
      </para>
    </warning>

    <para>
    You are strongly recommended to make a backup of your system
    before installing Bugzilla (and at regular intervals thereafter :-).
    </para>

    <para>In outline, the installation proceeds as follows:
    </para>

    <procedure>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-perl">Install Perl</link>
        (&min-perl-ver; or above for non-Windows platforms; &min-perl-ver-win;
        for Windows)
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-mysql">Install MySQL</link>
        (&min-mysql-ver; or above)
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-webserver">Install a Webserver</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-bzfiles">Install Bugzilla</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-perlmodules">Install Perl modules</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para>
          <link linkend="install-MTA">Install a Mail Transfer Agent</link>
          (Sendmail 8.7 or above, or an MTA that is Sendmail-compatible with at least this version)
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para>Configure all of the above.
        </para>
      </step>
    </procedure>

    <section id="install-perl">
      <title>Perl</title>

      <para>Installed Version Test: <filename>perl -v</filename></para>
      
      <para>Any machine that doesn't have Perl on it is a sad machine indeed.
      If you don't have it and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
      visit <ulink url="http://www.perl.com"/>.
      Although Bugzilla runs with Perl &min-perl-ver;,
      it's a good idea to be using the latest stable version. 
      As of this writing, that is Perl &newest-perl-ver;.</para>
    </section>

    <section id="install-mysql">
      <title>MySQL</title>

      <para>Installed Version Test: <filename>mysql -V</filename></para>
      
      <para>
      If you don't have it and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
      visit <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com"/>. You need MySQL version
      &min-mysql-ver; or higher.
      </para>
      
      <note>
        <para> Many of the binary
        versions of MySQL store their data files in 
        <filename class="directory">/var</filename>.
        On some Unix systems, this is part of a smaller root partition,
        and may not have room for your bug database. To change the data
         directory, you have to build MySQL from source yourself, and
         set it as an option to <filename>configure</filename>.</para>
      </note> 
           
      <para>If you install from something other than a packaging/installation
      system, such as .rpm (Redhat Package), .deb (Debian Package), .exe
      (Windows Executable), or .msi (Microsoft Installer), make sure the MySQL
      server is started when the machine boots.
      </para>

    </section>
    
    <section id="install-webserver">
      <title>Web Server</title>

      <para>Installed Version Test: view the default welcome page at
      http://&lt;your-machine&gt;/</para>
      
      <para>You have freedom of choice here, pretty much any web server that
      is capable of running <glossterm linkend="gloss-cgi">CGI</glossterm>
      scripts will work.
       However, we strongly recommend using the Apache web server
       (either 1.3.x or 2.x), and 
       the installation instructions usually assume you are
        using it. If you have got Bugzilla working using another webserver,
        please share your experiences with us by filing a bug in &bzg-bugs;.
      </para>
      
      <para>
      If you don't have Apache and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
      visit <ulink url="http://httpd.apache.org/"/>.
      </para>

    </section>

    <section id="install-bzfiles">
      <title>Bugzilla</title>

      <para>
        Download a Bugzilla tarball (or check it out from CVS) and place
        it in a suitable directory, accessible by the default web server user 
        (probably <quote>apache</quote> or <quote>www</quote>). 
        Good locations are either directly in the main web space for your
        web server or perhaps in 
        <filename>/usr/local</filename>
        with a symbolic link from the web space.
      </para>

      <caution>
        <para>The default Bugzilla distribution is NOT designed to be placed
        in a <filename class="directory">cgi-bin</filename> directory. This
        includes any directory which is configured using the
        <option>ScriptAlias</option> directive of Apache.
        </para>
      </caution>
      
      <para>Once all the files are in a web accessible directory, make that
      directory writable by your webserver's user. This is a temporary step
      until you run the 
      <filename>checksetup.pl</filename>
      script, which locks down your installation.</para>
    </section>

    <section id="install-perlmodules">
      <title>Perl Modules</title>
      
      <para>Bugzilla's installation process is based
      on a script called <filename>checksetup.pl</filename>. 
      The first thing it checks is whether you have appropriate 
      versions of all the required
      Perl modules. The aim of this section is to pass this check. 
      When it passes, 
      <emphasis>do not run it again</emphasis>, 
      but proceed to <xref linkend="configuration"/>.
      </para>
      
      <para>
      At this point, you need to <filename>su</filename> to root. You should
      remain as root until the end of the install. Then run:
      </para>
      
      <screen><prompt>bash#</prompt> ./checksetup.pl</screen>

      <!-- We really need a "module-check" switch for checksetup,
      which we can use here to make it really clear when they've got
      all the modules. -->
 
 
      <para>
        <filename>checksetup.pl</filename> will print out a list of the
        required and optional Perl modules, together with the versions
        (if any) installed on your machine.
        The list of required modules is reasonably long; however, you 
        may already have several of them installed.
      </para>
      
      <para>
        There is a meta-module called Bundle::Bugzilla, 
        which installs all the other 
        modules with a single command. You should use this if you are running
        Perl 5.6.1 or above.
      </para>
      
      <para>
        The preferred way of installing Perl modules is via CPAN on Unix, 
        or PPM on Windows (see <xref linkend="win32-perl-modules"/>). These
        instructions assume you are using CPAN; if for some reason you need 
        to install the Perl modules manually, see 
        <xref linkend="install-perlmodules-manual"/>.
      </para>  
        
      <screen><prompt>bash#</prompt> perl -MCPAN -e 'install "&lt;modulename&gt;"'</screen>

      <para>
        If you using Bundle::Bugzilla, invoke the magic CPAN command on it.
        Otherwise, you need to work down the 
        list of modules that <filename>checksetup.pl</filename> says are
        required, in the order given, invoking the command on each.
      </para>
      
      <tip>
        <para>Many people complain that Perl modules will not install for
        them. Most times, the error messages complain that they are missing a
        file in 
        <quote>@INC</quote>. 
        Virtually every time, this error is due to permissions being set too
        restrictively for you to compile Perl modules or not having the
        necessary Perl development libraries installed on your system.
        Consult your local UNIX systems administrator for help solving these
        permissions issues; if you 
        <emphasis>are</emphasis>
        the local UNIX sysadmin, please consult the newsgroup/mailing list
        for further assistance or hire someone to help you out.</para>
      </tip>

      <para>
        Here is a complete list of modules and their minimum versions.
        Some modules have special installation notes, which follow.
      </para>

      <para>Required Perl modules:
      <orderedlist>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            AppConfig (&min-appconfig-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            CGI (&min-cgi-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            Data::Dumper (&min-data-dumper-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>
    
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Date::Format (&min-date-format-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>
    
        <listitem>
          <para>
            DBI (&min-dbi-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-dbd-mysql">DBD::mysql</link>
            (&min-dbd-mysql-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            File::Spec (&min-file-spec-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            File::Temp (&min-file-temp-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-template">Template</link>
            (&min-template-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            Text::Wrap (&min-text-wrap-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>

      Optional Perl modules:
      <orderedlist>  
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-gd">GD</link>
            (&min-gd-ver;) for bug charting
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-chart-base">Chart::Base</link>
            (&min-chart-base-ver;) for bug charting
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-gd-graph">GD::Graph</link>
            (&min-gd-graph-ver;) for bug charting
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-gd-text-align">GD::Text::Align</link>
            (&min-gd-text-align-ver;) for bug charting
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-xml-parser">XML::Parser</link>
            (&min-xml-parser-ver;) for the XML interface
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-patchreader">PatchReader</link>
            (&min-patchreader-ver;) for pretty HTML view of patches
          </para>
        </listitem>
        
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-mime-parser">MIME::Parser</link>
            (&min-mime-parser-ver;) for the optional email interface
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>          
      </para>

      <section id="install-modules-dbd-mysql">
        <title>DBD::mysql</title>

        <para>The installation process will ask you a few questions about the
        desired compilation target and your MySQL installation. For most of the
        questions the provided default will be adequate, but when asked if your
        desired target is the MySQL or mSQL packages, you should
        select the MySQL-related ones. Later you will be asked if you wish to
        provide backwards compatibility with the older MySQL packages; you
        should answer YES to this question. The default is NO.</para>

        <para>A host of 'localhost' should be fine. A testing user of 'test',
        with a null password, should have sufficient access to run
        tests on the 'test' database which MySQL creates upon installation.
        </para>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-template">
        <title>Template Toolkit (&min-template-ver;)</title>

        <para>When you install Template Toolkit, you'll get asked various
        questions about features to enable. The defaults are fine, except
        that it is recommended you use the high speed XS Stash of the Template
        Toolkit, in order to achieve best performance.
        </para>
      </section> 

      <section id="install-modules-gd">
        <title>GD (&min-gd-ver;)</title>

        <para>The GD module is only required if you want graphical reports.
        </para>

        <note>
          <para>The Perl GD module requires some other libraries that may or
          may not be installed on your system, including 
          <classname>libpng</classname>
          and 
          <classname>libgd</classname>. 
          The full requirements are listed in the Perl GD module README.
          If compiling GD fails, it's probably because you're
          missing a required library.</para>
        </note>

        <tip>
          <para>The version of the GD module you need is very closely tied
          to the <classname>libgd</classname> version installed on your system.
          If you have a version 1.x of <classname>libgd</classname> the 2.x
          versions of the GD module won't work for you.
         </para>
       </tip>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-chart-base">
        <title>Chart::Base (&min-chart-base-ver;)</title>

        <para>The Chart::Base module is only required if you want graphical 
        reports. 
        Note that earlier versions that 0.99c used GIFs, which are no longer
        supported by the latest versions of GD.</para>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-gd-graph">
        <title>GD::Graph (&min-gd-graph-ver;)</title>

        <para>The GD::Graph module is only required if you want graphical 
        reports.
        </para>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-gd-text-align">
        <title>GD::Text::Align (&min-gd-text-align-ver;)</title>

        <para>The GD::Text::Align module is only required if you want graphical 
        reports.
        </para>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-xml-parser">
        <title>XML::Parser (&min-xml-parser-ver;)</title>

        <para>The XML::Parser module is only required if you want to import
        XML bugs using the <filename>importxml.pl</filename>
        script. This is required to use Bugzilla's "move bugs" feature;
        you may also want to use it for migrating from another bug database.
        XML::Parser requires that the
        <classname>expat</classname> library is already installed on your machine.
        </para>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-mime-parser">
        <title>MIME::Parser (&min-mime-parser-ver;)</title>

        <para>The MIME::Parser module is only required if you want to use the 
        email interface
        located in the <filename class="directory">contrib</filename> directory.
        </para>
      </section>

      <section id="install-modules-patchreader">
        <title>PatchReader (&min-patchreader-ver;)</title>

        <para>The PatchReader module is only required if you want to use 
        Patch Viewer, a
        Bugzilla feature to show code patches in your web browser in a more
        readable form. 
        </para>
      </section>
    </section>    
    <section id="install-MTA">
      <title>Mail Transfer Agent (MTA)</title>
    
      <para>Bugzilla is dependent on the availability of an e-mail system for its user
      authentication and for other tasks. </para>
    
      <para>On Linux, any Sendmail-compatible MTA (Mail Transfer Agent) will suffice.
      Sendmail, Postfix, qmail and Exim are examples of common MTAs. Sendmail is the 
      original Unix MTA, but the others are easier to configure, and therefore many people
      replace Sendmail with Postfix or Exim. They are drop-in replacements, so that Bugzilla
      will not distinguish between them.</para>

      <para>
        If you are using Sendmail, version 8.7 or higher is required.
        If you are using a Sendmail-compatible MTA, it must be congruent with at least version 8.7 of Sendmail.
      </para>

      <para>Consult the manual for the specific MTA you choose for detailed installation
      instructions. Each of these programs will have their own configuration files where you must
      configure certain parameters to ensure that the mail is delivered properly. They
      are implemented as services, and you should ensure that the MTA is in the
      auto-start list of services for the machine.</para>

      <para>If a simple mail sent with the command-line 'mail' program succeeds, then
      Bugzilla should also be fine.</para>
    </section>  
  </section>
  
  
  <section id="configuration">
    <title>Configuration</title>

    <warning>
      <para>
        Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
        given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take the
        security parts of these guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla 
        machines hidden away behind your firewall. Be certain to read
        <xref linkend="security"/> for some important security tips.
      </para>      
    </warning>

    <section id="localconfig">
      <title>localconfig</title>
      
      <para>
        Once you run <filename>checksetup.pl</filename> with all the correct 
        modules installed, it displays a message about, and write out a 
        file called, <filename>localconfig</filename>. This file contains
        the default settings for a number of Bugzilla parameters.
      </para>
      
      <para>
        Load this file in your editor. The only value you 
        <emphasis>need</emphasis> to change is $db_pass, the password for
        the user you will create for your database. Pick a strong
        password (for simplicity, it should not contain single quote
        characters) and put it here.
      </para>
      
      <para>
        The other options in the <filename>localconfig</filename> file
        are documented by their accompanying comments. If you have a slightly
        non-standard MySQL setup, you may wish to change one or more of
        the other "$db_*" parameters. 
      </para>
      
      <para>
        You may also wish to change the names of 
        the priorities, severities, operating systems and platforms for your
        installation. However, you can always change these after installation
        has finished; if you then re-run <filename>checksetup.pl</filename>,
        the changes will get picked up.
      </para>
    </section>
    
    <section id="mysql">
      <title>MySQL</title>

      <caution>
        <para>
          MySQL's default configuration is very insecure.
          <xref linkend="security-mysql"/> has some good information for
          improving your installation's security.
        </para>
      </caution>
     
      <section id="install-setupdatabase">
        <title>Allow large attachments</title>
        
        <para>
          By default, MySQL will only accept packets up to 64Kb in size.
          If you want to have attachments larger than this, you will need
          to modify your <filename>/etc/my.cnf</filename> as below.
        </para>

        <para>
          If you are using MySQL 4.0 or newer, enter:
        </para>