path: root/docs/installer/ru/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml

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  <info>
    <!-- Made by Lebarhon 2014 03 26 -->
<title xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs-ti1">Select and use ISOs</title>
  </info>

  <section>
    <title>Media</title>

    <section>
      <title>Definition</title>

      <para>We call a media here a ISO image file that allows to install and/or update
Mageia and by extension any physical support where the ISO file is copied.</para>

      <para>You can find them <link
ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/">here</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Classical installation media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>They use the traditional installer called drakx.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They are able to make a clean install or an update from previous releases.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test,
Hardware Detection Tool.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Each DVD contains any available desktop environments and languages.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add or not non free
software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD dual arch</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Both architectures are present on the same media, the choice is made
automatically according to the detected CPU.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Xfce desktop only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some languages only (be, bg, ca, de, en, es, fr, it, mk, pl, pt, ru, sv, uk)
TO BE CHECKED!</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>It contains non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Live media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Can be used to preview the distribution without first installing it on a
HDD, and optionally install Mageia on your HDD.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or GNOME).</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Live ISOs can only be used to create clean
installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
releases.</emphasis></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They contains non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bits only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bits only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Boot-only CDs media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Each one is a small image that contains no more than that which is needed to
start the drakx installer and find the ISO file to continue and complete the
install. These ISO files may be on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a
local network or on the Internet.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>These media are very light (less than 100 Mo) and are convenient when
bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, PC without DVD drive or PC that
can't boot on a USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains only free software, for people who refuse non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot-nonfree.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains non free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need
it.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Media downloading and checking</title>

    <section>
      <title>Downloading</title>

      <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it either using http or
BitTorrent. In both cases, a window give you some information, like the used
mirror and the possibility to change if the bandwidth is to low. If http is
chosen, you can also see something like</para>

      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Checking.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>

      <para>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check your ISO integrity. Use only one of
them. Both hexadecimal numbers have been calculated by an algorithm from the
file to be downloaded. If you ask this algorithm to calculate again this
number from your downloaded file, either you have the same number and your
downloaded file is correct, or the number is different and you met a
failure. Then this window appears:</para>

      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Download.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>

      <para>Check the radio button Save File.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Checking the downloaded media integrity</title>

      <para>Open a console, no need to be root, and:</para>

      <para>- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>md5sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>sha1sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to wait for a
while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:</para>

      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Md5sum.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>

      <para/>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Burn or dump the ISO</title>

    <para>The checked ISO can now be burned on a CD or DVD or dumped on a USB
stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim at make a boot-able
media.</para>

    <section>
      <title>Burn the ISO on a CD/DVD</title>

      <para>Use whatever burner you want but ensure the burning device is set correctly
to <emphasis role="bold">burn an image</emphasis>, burn data or files is not
correct.  More information in <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the Mageia
wiki</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Dump the ISO on a USB stick</title>

      <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrid, which means you can 'dump' them on a USB stick
and use it to boot and install the system.</para>

      <warning>
        <para>"dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any prior file-system in the
partition; any data will be lost and partition capacity will be reduced to
the image size.</para>
      </warning>

      <para>To recover the original capacity, you have to format the USB stick.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Using Mageia</title>

        <para>You can use a graphical tool like <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks">IsoDumper</link></para>

        <para>You can also use the dd tool in a console:</para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open a console</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Become root with the command <userinput>su -</userinput> (don't forget the
final -)</para>

            <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Root.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, that means do not open any application
or file manager that read it)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command <userinput>fdisk -l</userinput></para>

            <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Fdisk.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example /dev/sdb
in the screenshot above, it is a 8Go USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX
bs=1M</userinput></para>

            <para>(x)=your device name eg: /dev/sdc Example: # <userinput>dd
if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdb
bs=1M</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>sync</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Unplug your USB stick, it is done</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Using Windows</title>

        <para>You can try:</para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US">Rufus</link></para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager">Win32
Disk Imager</link></para>

        <para/>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Mageia Installation</title>

    <para>This step is detailed in <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/doc/">the
Mageia documentation</link>.</para>

    <para>More information, is available in <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Category:Documentation">the Mageia
wiki</link>.</para>
  </section>

</section>