path: root/docs/installer/pl/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:ns5="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns42="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ns4="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ns3="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:ns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs" version="5.0" xml:lang="pl">
  

  <info>
    <!-- Made by Lebarhon 2014 03 26 -->
<title xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs-ti1">Select and use ISOs</title>
  </info>

  <section>
    <title>Media</title>

    <section>
      <title>Definition</title>

      <para>Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to
install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical support the ISO
file is copied to.</para>

      <para>You can find them <link
ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/">here</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Classical installation media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>These ISOs use the traditional installer called drakx.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They are able to make a clean install or an update from previous releases.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test,
Hardware Detection Tool.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD dual arch</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Both architectures are present on the same medium, the choice is made
automatically according to the detected CPU.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Uses Xfce desktop only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Not all languages are available. (be, bg, ca, de, en, es, fr, it, mk, pl,
pt, ru, sv, uk) TO BE CHECKED!</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>It contains non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Live media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Can be used to preview the distribution without installing it on a HDD, and
optionally install Mageia on to your HDD.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or GNOME).</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Live ISOs can only be used to create clean
installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
releases.</emphasis></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They contain non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bit only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bit only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Boot-only CD media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Each one is a small image that contains no more than that which is needed to
start the drakx installer and find drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages
that are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be
on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the
Internet.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient when
bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, a PC without a DVD drive or a
PC that can't boot from a USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains only free software, for those people who refuse to use non-free
software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot-nonfree.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need
it.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Downloading and Checking Media</title>

    <section>
      <title>Downloading</title>

      <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or
BitTorrent. In both cases, a window gives you some information, such as the
mirror in use and the possibility to change if the bandwidth is to low. If
http is chosen, you may also see something like</para>

      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Checking.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>

      <para>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Use only one of
them. Both hexadecimal numbers have been calculated by an algorithm from the
file to be downloaded. When you ask these algorithms to recalculate this
number from your downloaded file, either you have the same number and your
downloaded file is correct, or the number is different and you have a
failure. A failure infers that you should retry the download.Then this
window appears:</para>

      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="Download.png"/> </imageobject></mediaobject>

      <para>Check the radio button Save File.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Checking the downloaded media integrity</title>

      <para>Open a console, no need to be root, and:</para>

      <para>- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>md5sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>sha1sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to wait for a
while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:</para>

      <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../Md5sum.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>

      <para/>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Burn or dump the ISO</title>

    <para>The checked ISO can now be burned to a CD or DVD or dumped to a USB
stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim to make a boot-able
medium.</para>

    <section>
      <title>Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD</title>

      <para>Use whatever burner you wish but ensure the burning device is set correctly
to <emphasis role="bold">burn an image</emphasis>, burn data or files is not
correct. There is more information in <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the Mageia
wiki</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Dump the ISO to a USB stick</title>

      <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a USB stick
and then use it to boot and install the system.</para>

      <warning>
        <para>"dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on
the device; any other data will be lost and the partition capacity will be
reduced to the image size.</para>
      </warning>

      <para>To recover the original capacity, you must re-format the USB stick.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Using Mageia</title>

        <para>You can use a graphical tool like <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks">IsoDumper</link></para>

        <para>You can also use the dd tool in a console:</para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open a console</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Become root with the command <userinput>su -</userinput> (don't forget the
final '-' )</para>

            <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata contentwidth="650" fileref="../Root.png"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do not open any
application or file manager that could access or read it)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command <userinput>fdisk -l</userinput></para>

            <mediaobject>
<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../Fdisk.png" contentwidth="650"/>
</imageobject></mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example /dev/sdb
in the screenshot above, it is a 8Go USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX
bs=1M</userinput></para>

            <para>Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdc</para>

            <para>Example: # <userinput>dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso
of=/dev/sdb bs=1M</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>sync</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Unplug your USB stick, it is done</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Using Windows</title>

        <para>You could try:</para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US">Rufus</link></para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager">Win32
Disk Imager</link></para>

        <para/>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Mageia Installation</title>

    <para>This step is detailed in <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/doc/">the
Mageia documentation</link>.</para>

    <para>More information is available in <link
ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Category:Documentation">the Mageia
wiki</link>.</para>
  </section>
</section>