path: root/docs/installer/en/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:ns5="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns42="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ns4="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ns3="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:ns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs" version="5.0">
<!-- Made by Lebarhon 2014 03 26 -->
  <info>
    <title xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs-ti1">Select and use ISOs</title>
  </info>

  <section>
    <title>Media</title>

    <section>
      <title>Definition</title>

      <para>We call a media here a ISO image file that allows to install
      and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical support where the ISO
      file is copied.</para>

      <para>You can find them <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/">here</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Classical installation media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>They use the traditional installer called drakx.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They are able to make a clean install or an update from
            previous releases.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue
            System, Memory Test, Hardware Detection Tool.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Each DVD contains any available desktop environments and
            languages.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add or
            not non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD dual arch</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Both architectures are present on the same media, the choice
            is made automatically according to the detected CPU.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Xfce desktop only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some languages only (be, bg, ca, de, en, es, fr, it, mk, pl,
            pt, ru, sv, uk) TO BE CHECKED!</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>It contains non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Live media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Can be used to preview the distribution without first
            installing it on a HDD, and optionally install Mageia on your
            HDD.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or
            GNOME).</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Live ISOs can only be used to create
            clean installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
            releases.</emphasis></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They contains non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bits only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bits only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Boot-only CDs media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Each one is a small image that contains no more than that
            which is needed to start the drakx installer and find the ISO file
            to continue and complete the install. These ISO files may be on
            the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the
            Internet.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>These media are very light (less than 100 Mo) and are
            convenient when bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, PC
            without DVD drive or PC that can't boot on a USB stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains only free software, for people who refuse non free
            software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot-nonfree.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains non free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for
            people who need it.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Media downloading and checking</title>

    <section>
      <title>Downloading</title>

      <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it either
      using http or BitTorrent. In both cases, a window give you some
      information, like the used mirror and the possibility to change if the
      bandwidth is to low. If http is chosen, you can also see something
      like</para>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="Checking.png" contentwidth="650"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>

      <para>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check your ISO integrity. Use only
      one of them. Both hexadecimal numbers have been calculated by an
      algorithm from the file to be downloaded. If you ask this algorithm to
      calculate again this number from your downloaded file, either you have
      the same number and your downloaded file is correct, or the number is
      different and you met a failure. Then this window appears:</para>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="Download.png"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>

      <para>Check the radio button Save File.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Checking the downloaded media integrity</title>

      <para>Open a console, no need to be root, and:</para>

      <para>- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>md5sum
      path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>sha1sum
      path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to
      wait for a while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:</para>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="Md5sum.png" contentwidth="650"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>

      <para/>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Burn or dump the ISO</title>

    <para>The checked ISO can now be burned on a CD or DVD or dumped on a USB
    stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim at make a boot-able
    media.</para>

    <section>
      <title>Burn the ISO on a CD/DVD</title>

      <para>Use whatever burner you want but ensure the burning device is set
	correctly to <emphasis role="bold">burn an image</emphasis>, burn data or files is not correct.
      More information in <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the Mageia wiki</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Dump the ISO on a USB stick</title>

      <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrid, which means you can 'dump' them on a
      USB stick and use it to boot and install the system.</para>

      <warning>
        <para>"dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any prior
        file-system in the partition; any data will be lost and partition
        capacity will be reduced to the image size.</para>
      </warning>

      <para>To recover the original capacity, you have to format the USB
      stick.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Using Mageia</title>

        <para>You can use a graphical tool like <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks">IsoDumper</link></para>

        <para>You can also use the dd tool in a console:</para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open a console</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Become root with the command <userinput>su -</userinput> (don't forget the final
            -)</para>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="Root.png" contentwidth="650"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, that means do not open
            any application or file manager that read it)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command <userinput>fdisk -l</userinput></para>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="Fdisk.png" contentwidth="650"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for
            example /dev/sdb in the screenshot above, it is a 8Go USB
            stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX
            bs=1M</userinput></para>

            <para>(x)=your device name eg: /dev/sdc Example: # <userinput>dd
            if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdb
            bs=1M</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>sync</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Unplug your USB stick, it is done</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Using Windows</title>

        <para>You can try:</para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US">Rufus</link></para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager">Win32 Disk Imager</link></para>

        <para/>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Mageia Installation</title>

    <para>This step is detailed in <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/doc/">the Mageia documentation</link>.</para>

    <para>More information, is available in <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Category:Documentation">the Mageia wiki</link>.</para>
  </section>

</section>