path: root/docs/installer/en/SelectAndUseISOs2.xml

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  <!-- Made by Lebarhon 2014 03 26 -->

  <info>
    <title xml:id="Select-and-use-ISOs-ti1">Select and use ISOs</title>
  </info>

  <section>
    <title>Media</title>

    <section>
      <title>Definition</title>

      <para>Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows
      you to install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical
      support the ISO file is copied to.</para>

      <para>You can find them <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/">here</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Classical installation media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>These ISOs use the traditional installer called
            drakx.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They are able to make a clean install or an update from
            previous releases.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue
            System, Memory Test, Hardware Detection Tool.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and
            languages.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add
            non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>DVD dual arch</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Both architectures are present on the same medium, the
            choice is made automatically according to the detected CPU.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Uses Xfce desktop only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Not all languages are available. (be, bg, ca, de, en, es,
            fr, it, mk, pl, pt, ru, sv, uk) TO BE CHECKED!</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>It contains non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Live media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Can be used to preview the distribution without installing
            it on a HDD, and optionally install Mageia on to your HDD.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or
            GNOME).</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Live ISOs can only be used to create
            clean installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
            releases.</emphasis></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>They contain non free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bit only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live CD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>32 bit only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD KDE</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>KDE desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Live DVD GNOME</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>GNOME desktop environment only.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>All languages are present.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Boot-only CD media</title>

      <section>
        <title>Common features</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Each one is a small image that contains no more than that
            which is needed to start the drakx installer and find
            drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages that are needed to
            continue and complete the install. These packages may be on the PC
            hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the
            Internet.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are
            convenient when bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, a PC
            without a DVD drive or a PC that can't boot from a USB
            stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>English language only.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains only free software, for those people who refuse to
            use non-free software.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>boot-nonfree.iso</title>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for
            people who need it.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Downloading and Checking Media</title>

    <section>
      <title>Downloading</title>

      <para>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using
      either http or BitTorrent. In both cases, a window gives you some
      information, such as the mirror in use and the possibility to change if
      the bandwidth is to low. If http is chosen, you may also see something
      like</para>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="Checking.png" contentwidth="650"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>

      <para>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Use only
      one of them. Both hexadecimal numbers have been calculated by an
      algorithm from the file to be downloaded. When you ask these algorithms
      to recalculate this number from your downloaded file, either you have
      the same number and your downloaded file is correct, or the number is
      different and you have a failure. A failure infers that you should retry
      the download.Then this window appears:</para>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="Download.png"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>

      <para>Check the radio button Save File.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Checking the downloaded media integrity</title>

      <para>Open a console, no need to be root, and:</para>

      <para>- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>md5sum
      path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <userinput>sha1sum
      path/to/the/image/file.iso</userinput>.</para>

      <para>and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to
      wait for a while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:</para>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="../Md5sum.png" contentwidth="650"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>

      <para/>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Burn or dump the ISO</title>

    <para>The checked ISO can now be burned to a CD or DVD or dumped to a USB
    stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim to make a boot-able
    medium.</para>

    <section>
      <title>Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD</title>

      <para>Use whatever burner you wish but ensure the burning device is set
      correctly to <emphasis role="bold">burn an image</emphasis>, burn data
      or files is not correct. There is more information in <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images">the
      Mageia wiki</link>.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Dump the ISO to a USB stick</title>

      <para>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a
      USB stick and then use it to boot and install the system.</para>

      <warning>
        <para>"dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous
        file-system on the device; any other data will be lost and the
        partition capacity will be reduced to the image size.</para>
      </warning>

      <para>To recover the original capacity, you must re-format the USB
      stick.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Using Mageia</title>

        <para>You can use a graphical tool like <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks">IsoDumper</link></para>

        <para>You can also use the dd tool in a console:</para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open a console</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Become root with the command <userinput>su -</userinput>
            (don't forget the final '-' )</para>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata contentwidth="650" fileref="../Root.png"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do not
            open any application or file manager that could access or read
            it)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command <userinput>fdisk -l</userinput></para>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="../Fdisk.png" contentwidth="650"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for
            example /dev/sdb in the screenshot above, it is a 8Go USB
            stick.</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file
            of=/dev/sdX bs=1M</userinput></para>

            <para>Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdc</para>

            <para>Example: # <userinput>dd
            if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdb
            bs=1M</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Enter the command: # <userinput>sync</userinput></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Unplug your USB stick, it is done</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Using Windows</title>

        <para>You could try:</para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US">Rufus</link></para>

        <para>- <link ns4:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager">Win32 Disk
        Imager</link></para>

        <para/>
      </section>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Mageia Installation</title>

    <para>This step is detailed in <link ns4:href="http://www.mageia.org/en/doc/">the Mageia
    documentation</link>.</para>

    <para>More information is available in <link ns4:href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Category:Documentation">the Mageia
    wiki</link>.</para>
  </section>
</section>