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<html>
   <head>
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      <title>Bootloader expert use</title>
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      <div lang="" class="section" title="Bootloader expert use">
         <div class="titlepage">
            <div>
               <div>
                  <h2 class="title"><a name="setupBootloaderExpert"></a>Bootloader expert use
                  </h2>
               </div>
            </div>
         </div>
         
         
         
         
         
         
           
         
           
         
           
         
           
         
           
         
           
         
           
         
           
           
           
         
           
         <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa1"></a>If you haven't done so
              yet, please read <a class="xref" href="setupBootloaderBeginner.html" title="Bootloader main options">the section called &#8220;Bootloader main
                   options&#8221;</a> first.
         </p>
         
           
         <div class="section" title="Adding a GRUB2 based system manually">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="addingGRUB2system"></a>Adding a GRUB2 based system
                              manually
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
            
                
            <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa7"></a>A GRUB2 based system
                   may be added to the Mageia boot menu as follows:
            </p>
            
                
            <div class="itemizedlist">
               <ul class="itemizedlist">
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa8"></a>Boot into the
                                system in question. In order to determine the GRUB2 version run the
                                following command in a terminal:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa9"></a><code class="literal">sudo
                                   grub-install --version</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa10"></a>or if that
                                fails try:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa11"></a><code class="literal">sudo
                                   grub2-install --version</code></p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa12"></a>If this returns
                                "GNU GRUB version 0.97" (possibly with a custom suffix), then it is
                                using GRUB (otherwise called GRUB legacy) not GRUB2 and your system
                                should be correctly identified by Mageia during installation and added
                                automatically to the menu.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa15"></a>If this returns
                                (GRUB) 1.98 or 1.99 or 2.xx, then you are using GRUB2.
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa16"></a>Make a note of
                                the version and enter this command to identify the root
                                partition:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa17"></a><code class="literal">df -h
                                   / |(read; awk '{print $1; exit}')</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa18"></a>This will
                                output something like :
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa20"></a><code class="literal">/dev/sdb11</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa21"></a>sdb11 is the
                                root partition - make a note of it.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa22"></a>Now check that
                                the /boot folder is in the same partition by entering the following
                                command:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa23"></a><code class="literal">df -h
                                   /boot |(read; awk '{print $1; exit}')</code></p>
                     
                             
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa25"></a>If the /boot
                                partition is different to the root partition then make a note and use
                                the /boot partition in the "root" line when editing menu.lst
                                below.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa26"></a>You can now
                                shut down the system and install Mageia.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa27"></a>In your new
                                running Mageia system, open a terminal and as root edit the file
                                /boot/grub/menu.lst as follows:
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa28"></a>To become root
                                use:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa29"></a><code class="literal">su
                                   -</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa30"></a>(enter root
                                password)
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa31"></a>To open the
                                file in an editor use:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa32"></a><code class="literal">kwrite
                                   /boot/grub/menu.lst</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa33"></a>(replace
                                "kwrite" with "gedit" if you are using Gnome)
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa34"></a>Add the
                                following entry for your (e.g. Ubuntu) system, possibly as the second
                                stanza. The position the item appears in the menu will depend on its
                                position in the file:
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa35"></a><code class="literal">title
                                   Ubuntu</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa36"></a><code class="literal">root
                                   (hd1,10)</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa37"></a><code class="literal">kernel
                                   /boot/grub/core.img</code></p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
                        <table border="0" summary="Note">
                           <tr>
                              <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="note.png"></td>
                              <th align="left">Note</th>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td align="left" valign="top">
                                           
                                 <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa42"></a>In the second
                                              line, "hd1" means the second hard drive, the "10" indicates the 11th
                                              partition. Drives and partitions in Mageia's legacy GRUB count from
                                              zero.
                                 </p>
                                 
                                           
                                 <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa43"></a>Therefore:
                                 </p>
                                 
                                           
                                 <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa44"></a><code class="literal">sdb11 =
                                                 (hd1,10)</code></p>
                                 
                                           
                                 <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa45"></a><code class="literal">sda1
                                                 = (hd0,0)</code></p>
                                         
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa38"></a>If the GRUB2
                                version is 2.xx then change the last line to :
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa39"></a><code class="literal">kernel
                                   /boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img</code></p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa40"></a>If you needed
                                to use "grub2-install" earlier then change <code class="literal">"grub"</code>
                                to <code class="literal">"grub2"</code> in the last line.
                     </p>
                     
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa40a"></a>If /boot was
                                on a separate partition, then remove <code class="literal">"/boot"</code> from
                                the last line.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa41"></a>Save the file
                                and re-boot. You should now see your "Ubuntu" entry in the menu and be
                                able to boot from it.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
               </ul>
            </div>
              
         </div>
         
           
         <div class="section" title="Using an existing GRUB2 bootloader">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="usingExistingBootloaderGRUB2"></a>Using an
                              existing GRUB2 bootloader
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
            
                
            <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa49a"></a>If you didn't read
                   the general part about using an existing bootloader yet, do so now. See
                   <a class="xref" href="setupBootloaderBeginner.html#usingExistingBootloader" title="Using an existing bootloader">the section called &#8220;Using an
                        existing bootloader&#8221;</a></p>
            
                
            <div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
               <table border="0" summary="Note">
                  <tr>
                     <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="note.png"></td>
                     <th align="left">Note</th>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                     <td align="left" valign="top">
                              
                        <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa50"></a>There is a known
                                 bug in OS-prober used during GRUB2 installation in some versions
                                 of Debian/Ubuntu that incorrectly creates grub.cfg when adding Mageia
                                 (or Mandriva) systems. This is simple to work around and details of a
                                 fix can be found in the Mageia forum here:
                                 https://forums.mageia.org/en/viewtopic.php?p=13547#p13547
                        </p>
                        
                              
                        <p><a name="setupBootloaderExpert-pa51"></a>To make the fix
                                 permanent so that it will survive an Ubuntu kernel update, the Mageia
                                 entry should be added to <code class="literal">/etc/grub.d/40_custom</code></p>
                            
                     </td>
                  </tr>
               </table>
            </div>
              
         </div>
         
      </div>
   </body>
</html>