ca/Select-and-use-ISOs.html


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<html>
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      <title>Select and use ISOs</title>
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      <div lang="ca" class="section" title="Select and use ISOs">
         <div class="titlepage">
            <div>
               <div>
                  <h2 class="title"><a name="Select-and-use-ISOs"></a>Select and use ISOs
                  </h2>
               </div>
            </div>
         </div>
         
           
         
           
         <div class="section" title="Media">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e19"></a>Media
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Definition">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e21"></a>Definition
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <p>We call a media here a ISO image file that allows to install and/or update
                  Mageia and by extension any physical support where the ISO file is copied.
               </p>
               
                     
               <p>You can find them <a class="ulink" href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/" target="_top">here</a>.
               </p>
                   
            </div>
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Classical installation media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e26"></a>Classical installation media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Common features">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e28"></a>Common features
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>They use the traditional installer called drakx.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>They are able to make a clean install or an update from previous releases.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="DVD">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e35"></a>DVD
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test,
                              Hardware Detection Tool.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Each DVD contains any available desktop environments and languages.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add or not non free
                              software.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="DVD dual arch">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e46"></a>DVD dual arch
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Both architectures are present on the same media, the choice is made
                              automatically according to the detected CPU.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Xfce desktop only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Some languages only (be, bg, ca, de, en, es, fr, it, mk, pl, pt, ru, sv, uk)
                              TO BE CHECKED!
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>It contains non free software.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Live media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e57"></a>Live media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Common features">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e59"></a>Common features
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Can be used to preview the distribution without first installing it on a
                              HDD, and optionally install Mageia on your HDD.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or GNOME).</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p><span class="bold"><strong>Live ISOs can only be used to create clean
                                    installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
                                    releases.</strong></span></p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>They contains non free software.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live CD KDE">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e73"></a>Live CD KDE
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>KDE desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>English language only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>32 bits only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live CD GNOME">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e82"></a>Live CD GNOME
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>GNOME desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>English language only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>32 bits only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live DVD KDE">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e91"></a>Live DVD KDE
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>KDE desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>All languages are present.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live DVD GNOME">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e100"></a>Live DVD GNOME
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>GNOME desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>All languages are present.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Boot-only CDs media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e109"></a>Boot-only CDs media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Common features">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e111"></a>Common features
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Each one is a small image that contains no more than that which is needed to
                              start the drakx installer and find the ISO file to continue and complete the
                              install. These ISO files may be on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a
                              local network or on the Internet.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>These media are very light (less than 100 Mo) and are convenient when
                              bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, PC without DVD drive or PC that
                              can't boot on a USB stick.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>English language only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="boot.iso">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e122"></a>boot.iso
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Contains only free software, for people who refuse non free software.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="boot-nonfree.iso">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e127"></a>boot-nonfree.iso
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Contains non free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need
                              it.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
              
         </div>
         
           
         <div class="section" title="Media downloading and checking">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e132"></a>Media downloading and checking
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Downloading">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e134"></a>Downloading
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <p>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it either using http or
                  BitTorrent. In both cases, a window give you some information, like the used
                  mirror and the possibility to change if the bandwidth is to low. If http is
                  chosen, you can also see something like
               </p>
               
                     
               
                     
               <p>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check your ISO integrity. Use only one of
                  them. Both hexadecimal numbers have been calculated by an algorithm from the
                  file to be downloaded. If you ask this algorithm to calculate again this
                  number from your downloaded file, either you have the same number and your
                  downloaded file is correct, or the number is different and you met a
                  failure. Then this window appears:
               </p>
               
                     
               
                     
               <p>Check the radio button Save File.</p>
                   
            </div>
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Checking the downloaded media integrity">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e145"></a>Checking the downloaded media integrity
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <p>Open a console, no need to be root, and:</p>
               
                     
               <p>- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>md5sum
                        path/to/the/image/file.iso</code></strong>.
               </p>
               
                     
               <p>- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sha1sum
                        path/to/the/image/file.iso</code></strong>.
               </p>
               
                     
               <p>and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to wait for a
                  while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:
               </p>
               
                     
               
                     
               <p></p>
                   
            </div>
              
         </div>
         
           
         <div class="section" title="Burn or dump the ISO">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e157"></a>Burn or dump the ISO
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
            
                
            <p>The checked ISO can now be burned on a CD or DVD or dumped on a USB
               stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim at make a boot-able
               media.
            </p>
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Burn the ISO on a CD/DVD">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e160"></a>Burn the ISO on a CD/DVD
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <p>Use whatever burner you want but ensure the burning device is set correctly
                  to <span class="bold"><strong>burn an image</strong></span>, burn data or files is not
                  correct.  More information in <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images" target="_top">the Mageia
                     wiki</a>.
               </p>
                   
            </div>
            
                
            <div class="section" title="Dump the ISO on a USB stick">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e165"></a>Dump the ISO on a USB stick
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
               
                     
               <p>All Mageia ISOs are hybrid, which means you can 'dump' them on a USB stick
                  and use it to boot and install the system.
               </p>
               
                     
               <div class="warning" title="Av&iacute;s" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
                  <table border="0" summary="Warning">
                     <tr>
                        <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Av&iacute;s]" src="warning.png"></td>
                        <th align="left"></th>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td align="left" valign="top">
                                   
                           <p>"dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any prior file-system in the
                              partition; any data will be lost and partition capacity will be reduced to
                              the image size.
                           </p>
                                 
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </table>
               </div>
               
                     
               <p>To recover the original capacity, you have to format the USB stick.</p>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Using Mageia">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e171"></a>Using Mageia
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <p>You can use a graphical tool like <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks" target="_top">IsoDumper</a></p>
                  
                          
                  <p>You can also use the dd tool in a console:</p>
                  
                          
                  <div class="orderedlist">
                     <ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Open a console</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Become root with the command <strong class="userinput"><code>su -</code></strong> (don't forget the
                              final -)
                           </p>
                           
                                       
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, that means do not open any application
                              or file manager that read it)
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Enter the command <strong class="userinput"><code>fdisk -l</code></strong></p>
                           
                                       
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example /dev/sdb
                              in the screenshot above, it is a 8Go USB stick.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Enter the command: # <strong class="userinput"><code>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX
                                    bs=1M</code></strong></p>
                           
                                       
                           <p>(x)=your device name eg: /dev/sdc Example: # <strong class="userinput"><code>dd
                                    if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdb
                                    bs=1M</code></strong></p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Enter the command: # <strong class="userinput"><code>sync</code></strong></p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Unplug your USB stick, it is done</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
               
                     
               <div class="section" title="Using Windows">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e205"></a>Using Windows
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                  
                          
                  <p>You can try:</p>
                  
                          
                  <p>- <a class="ulink" href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US" target="_top">Rufus</a></p>
                  
                          
                  <p>- <a class="ulink" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager" target="_top">Win32
                        Disk Imager</a></p>
                  
                          
                  <p></p>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
              
         </div>
         
           
         <div class="section" title="Mageia Installation">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e213"></a>Mageia Installation
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
            
                
            <p>This step is detailed in <a class="ulink" href="http://www.mageia.org/en/doc/" target="_top">the
                  Mageia documentation</a>.
            </p>
            
                
            <p>More information, is available in <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Category:Documentation" target="_top">the Mageia
                  wiki</a>.
            </p>
              
         </div>
         
         
      </div>
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