<!-- <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"> -->
<!-- $Id: installation.xml,v 1.142 2007/08/09 12:36:08 lpsolit%gmail.com Exp $ -->
<chapter id="installing-bugzilla">
  <title>Installing Bugzilla</title>

  <section id="installation">
    <title>Installation</title>

    <note>
      <para>If you just want to <emphasis>use</emphasis> Bugzilla, 
      you do not need to install it. None of this chapter is relevant to
      you. Ask your Bugzilla administrator for the URL to access it from
      your web browser.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>The Bugzilla server software is usually installed on Linux or 
    Solaris. 
    If you are installing on another OS, check <xref linkend="os-specific"/>
    before you start your installation to see if there are any special
    instructions.
    </para>

    <para>
      As an alternative to following these instructions, you may wish to
      try Arne Schirmacher's unofficial and unsupported 
      <ulink url="http://www.softwaretesting.de/article/view/33/1/8/">Bugzilla
      Installer</ulink>, which installs Bugzilla and all its prerequisites
      on Linux or Solaris systems.
    </para>

    <para>This guide assumes that you have administrative access to the
    Bugzilla machine. It not possible to
    install and run Bugzilla itself without administrative access except
    in the very unlikely event that every single prerequisite is
    already installed.
    </para>

    <warning>
      <para>The installation process may make your machine insecure for
      short periods of time. Make sure there is a firewall between you
      and the Internet.
      </para>
    </warning>

    <para>
    You are strongly recommended to make a backup of your system
    before installing Bugzilla (and at regular intervals thereafter :-).
    </para>

    <para>In outline, the installation proceeds as follows:
    </para>

    <procedure>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-perl">Install Perl</link>
        (&min-perl-ver; or above)
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-database">Install a Database Engine</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-webserver">Install a Webserver</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-bzfiles">Install Bugzilla</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para><link linkend="install-perlmodules">Install Perl modules</link>
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para>
          <link linkend="install-MTA">Install a Mail Transfer Agent</link>
          (Sendmail 8.7 or above, or an MTA that is Sendmail-compatible with at least this version)
        </para>
      </step>
      <step>
        <para>Configure all of the above.
        </para>
      </step>
    </procedure>

    <section id="install-perl">
      <title>Perl</title>

      <para>Installed Version Test: <filename>perl -v</filename></para>
      
      <para>Any machine that doesn't have Perl on it is a sad machine indeed.
      If you don't have it and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
      visit <ulink url="http://www.perl.com"/>.
      Although Bugzilla runs with Perl &min-perl-ver;,
      it's a good idea to be using the latest stable version.
      </para>
    </section>

    <section id="install-database">
      <title>Database Engine</title>
      
      <para>From Bugzilla 2.20, support is included for using both the MySQL and
      PostgreSQL database servers. You only require one of these systems to make
      use of Bugzilla.</para>

      <section id="install-mysql">
          <title>MySQL</title>
          <para>Installed Version Test: <filename>mysql -V</filename></para>
      
          <para>
          If you don't have it and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
          visit <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com"/>. You need MySQL version
          &min-mysql-ver; or higher.
          </para>
      
          <note>
            <para> Many of the binary
            versions of MySQL store their data files in 
            <filename class="directory">/var</filename>.
            On some Unix systems, this is part of a smaller root partition,
            and may not have room for your bug database. To change the data
            directory, you have to build MySQL from source yourself, and
            set it as an option to <filename>configure</filename>.</para>
          </note> 
           
          <para>If you install from something other than a packaging/installation
          system, such as .rpm (Redhat Package), .deb (Debian Package), .exe
          (Windows Executable), or .msi (Microsoft Installer), make sure the MySQL
          server is started when the machine boots.
          </para>
      </section>
      
      <section id="install-pg">
          <title>PostgreSQL</title>
          <para>Installed Version Test: <filename>psql -V</filename></para>
      
          <para>
          If you don't have it and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
          visit <ulink url="http://www.postgresql.org/"/>. You need PostgreSQL
          version &min-pg-ver; or higher.
          </para>
           
          <para>If you install from something other than a packaging/installation
          system, such as .rpm (Redhat Package), .deb (Debian Package), .exe
          (Windows Executable), or .msi (Microsoft Installer), make sure the
          PostgreSQL server is started when the machine boots.
          </para>
      </section>
      
    </section>
    
    <section id="install-webserver">
      <title>Web Server</title>

      <para>Installed Version Test: view the default welcome page at
      http://&lt;your-machine&gt;/</para>
      
      <para>You have freedom of choice here, pretty much any web server that
      is capable of running <glossterm linkend="gloss-cgi">CGI</glossterm>
      scripts will work.
       However, we strongly recommend using the Apache web server
       (either 1.3.x or 2.x), and 
       the installation instructions usually assume you are
        using it. If you have got Bugzilla working using another web server,
        please share your experiences with us by filing a bug in &bzg-bugs;.
      </para>
      
      <para>
      If you don't have Apache and your OS doesn't provide official packages, 
      visit <ulink url="http://httpd.apache.org/"/>.
      </para>

    </section>

    <section id="install-bzfiles">
      <title>Bugzilla</title>

      <para>
        Download a Bugzilla tarball (or check it out from CVS) and place
        it in a suitable directory, accessible by the default web server user 
        (probably <quote>apache</quote> or <quote>www</quote>). 
        Good locations are either directly in the web server's document directories or
        in <filename>/usr/local</filename> with a symbolic link to the web server's 
        document directories or an alias in the web server's configuration.
      </para>

      <caution>
        <para>The default Bugzilla distribution is NOT designed to be placed
        in a <filename class="directory">cgi-bin</filename> directory. This
        includes any directory which is configured using the
        <option>ScriptAlias</option> directive of Apache.
        </para>
      </caution>
      
      <para>Once all the files are in a web accessible directory, make that
      directory writable by your web server's user. This is a temporary step
      until you run the 
      <filename>checksetup.pl</filename>
      script, which locks down your installation.</para>
    </section>

    <section id="install-perlmodules">
      <title>Perl Modules</title>
      
      <para>Bugzilla's installation process is based
      on a script called <filename>checksetup.pl</filename>. 
      The first thing it checks is whether you have appropriate 
      versions of all the required
      Perl modules. The aim of this section is to pass this check. 
      When it passes, proceed to <xref linkend="configuration"/>.
      </para>
      
      <para>
      At this point, you need to <filename>su</filename> to root. You should
      remain as root until the end of the install. To check you have the
      required modules, run:
      </para>
      
      <screen><prompt>bash#</prompt> ./checksetup.pl --check-modules</screen>
 
      <para>
        <filename>checksetup.pl</filename> will print out a list of the
        required and optional Perl modules, together with the versions
        (if any) installed on your machine.
        The list of required modules is reasonably long; however, you 
        may already have several of them installed.
      </para>
      
      <para>
        There is a meta-module called Bundle::Bugzilla, 
        which installs all the other 
        modules with a single command. You should use this if you are running
        Perl 5.6.1 or above.
      </para>
      
      <para>
        The preferred way of installing Perl modules is via CPAN on Unix, 
        or PPM on Windows (see <xref linkend="win32-perl-modules"/>). These
        instructions assume you are using CPAN; if for some reason you need 
        to install the Perl modules manually, see 
        <xref linkend="install-perlmodules-manual"/>.
      </para>  
        
      <screen><prompt>bash#</prompt> perl -MCPAN -e 'install "&lt;modulename&gt;"'</screen>

      <para>
        If you using Bundle::Bugzilla, invoke the magic CPAN command on it.
        Otherwise, you need to work down the 
        list of modules that <filename>checksetup.pl</filename> says are
        required, in the order given, invoking the command on each.
      </para>
      
      <tip>
        <para>Many people complain that Perl modules will not install for
        them. Most times, the error messages complain that they are missing a
        file in 
        <quote>@INC</quote>.
        Virtually every time, this error is due to permissions being set too
        restrictively for you to compile Perl modules or not having the
        necessary Perl development libraries installed on your system.
        Consult your local UNIX systems administrator for help solving these
        permissions issues; if you 
        <emphasis>are</emphasis>
        the local UNIX sysadmin, please consult the newsgroup/mailing list
        for further assistance or hire someone to help you out.</para>
      </tip>

      <note>
        <para>If you are using a package-based system, and attempting to install the
        Perl modules from CPAN, you may need to install the "development" packages for
        MySQL and GD before attempting to install the related Perl modules. The names of
        these packages will vary depending on the specific distribution you are using,
        but are often called <filename>&lt;packagename&gt;-devel</filename>.</para>
      </note>
 
      <para>
        Here is a complete list of modules and their minimum versions.
        Some modules have special installation notes, which follow.
      </para>

      <para>Required Perl modules:
      <orderedlist>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            CGI &min-cgi-ver; or CGI &min-mp-cgi-ver; if using mod_perl
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            Date::Format (&min-date-format-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>
    
        <listitem>
          <para>
            DBI (&min-dbi-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-dbd-mysql">DBD::mysql</link>
            (&min-dbd-mysql-ver;) if using MySQL
          </para>
        </listitem>
        
        <listitem>
          <para>
            DBD::Pg (&min-dbd-pg-ver;) if using PostgreSQL
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            File::Spec (&min-file-spec-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="install-modules-template">Template</link>
            (&min-template-ver;)
          </para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>
            Email::Send (&min-email-send-ver;)