Well here is a little description of what DrakX needs to work in comparison to the RH newt install. ******************************************************************************** * CVS ************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** Like all good free software, DrakX is in CVS :) You can access it at http://www.mandrakelinux.com/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/gi or via export CVS_RSH=ssh export CVSROOT=:ext:anoncvs@cvs.mandrakesoft.com:/cooker cvs checkout gi (enter password 'cvs') This is only read-only access. If you want more, tell me (pixel@mandrakesoft.com) Alas, all is not in CVS, a lot of things come from rpm packages which you must install. Please note that redoing *all* the stuff is not for the faint of heart. I myself sometimes wonder what the whole make does :-% Instead, changing some .pm files is quite easy (nice interpreted language) ******************************************************************************** * Making your custom install *************************************************** ******************************************************************************** If you have your own rpms you want to add, or make your own updated cdrom, you just have to issue: % gendistrib --noclean --distrib Where is the root of all the media that the install will see, this first one is the main one : (1) network or 1-cdrom installs DIRS == the root directory of the Distribution (2) multi-cdrom install DIRS == the root directories of all the media that the install will see ``gendistrib'' will scan the file Mandrake/base/hdlists in the main root directory (the first one in DIRS) to search for all media used. Typically you use Mandrake/RPMS* for RPM packages repository. For multi-cd, please use Mandrake/RPMS or Mandrake/RPMS1, Mandrake/RPMS2, etc. For one CD or a network/hd volume, please use Mandrake/RPMS. Optionnally, you can modify ``Mandrake/base/rpmsrate''; this file manages the relative importance of the files, and thus their installation or not. Also, mdkinst_stage2.gz must be remade if you modify files in Mandrake/mdkinst. See below for information about these files. ******************************************************************************** * FILES ************************************************************************ ******************************************************************************** First here are the different things needed : Mandrake/base/hdlists description of the available install media. format is one line for one medium as should be match regexp /hdlist\S*.cz2?/ for example (two cd install) you get hdlist1.cz Mandrake/RPMS1 Boot CD hdlist2.cz Mandrake/RPMS2 Extension CD Mandrake/base/hdlist*.cz table of rpm's headers, referred by ``hdlists'' their contents can be listed using ``packdrake -l '' or or ``parsehdlist ''. ! Need to be remade when Mandrake/RPMS* changes (with ``gendistrib'') ! Mandrake/base/depslist.ordered for each packages, tell which package it depends on. Also contains the size for some (obscure) bloody reasons. ! Need to be remade when Mandrake/RPMS* changes ! (with ``gendistrib --noclean --distrib .'') Mandrake/base/compss obsoletes comps. It store packages in different categories, generated from the %{GROUP} field ! Need to be remade when Mandrake/RPMS* changes ! (with ``gendistrib --noclean --distrib .'') Mandrake/base/rpmsrate ranks and classify packages, so that the installer will know which ones to install. format is : where is a symbolic name used in Mandrake/base/compssUsers* files, and defines importance level as described below : 5 must have 4 important 3 very nice 2 nice 1 maybe by default (for non expert), group selects packages for level 4 (important) and 5 (must have). export mode add 3 (very nice) level. other level (below 2) can only be selected using individual package selection. Mandrake/mdkinst live system used on certain installs. See ``Ramdisk or not'' below for more. Mandrake/base/mdkinst_stage2.bz2 for the ramdisk. live sytem in ext2 filesystem bzipped2. generated from Mandrake/mdkinst tree using misc/make_mdkinst_stage2 See ``Ramdisk or not'' below for more. Mandrake/base/rescue_stage2.bz2 rescue ramdisk. live sytem in ext2 filesystem bzipped2. this is the ramdisk loaded when typing rescue on boot prompt. there is no live system available, only the ramdisk is used. images/*.img boot images to use with DrakX. Use: - cdrom for cdrom install - network for ftp/nfs install (non-pcmcia devices) - hd for hard-disk install - pcmcia for pcmcia install (see ``PCMCIA install'' below for more) the following modules have been removed from: network.img: acenic sk98lin de4x5 cdrom.img and hd.img: BusLogic seagate fdomain g_NCR5380 dc395x_trm tmscsim hd.img: dpt_i2o eata eata_pio eata_dma cdrom.img: aztcd gscd isp16 mcd mcdx optcd cm206 sjcd pcmcia.img: apa1480_cb they are now in "other.img", blank.img is a blank boot image without a kernel nor initrd. this image can be used to generate custom boot disk (to use it: compile your custom kernel with everything needed compiled in the kernel, not as a module (loop.o, ext3.o if needed, usb stuff, etc) and put the "vmlinuz" on the blank.img, then boot on it) if you think one of those modules is used a lot, tell me, i may find some room to put it back on the main floppies. ******************************************************************************** * logs ************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************** During install, a lot of interesting stuff can be found in different places: in consoles and in files. To switch to console 2 for example, do Ctrl-Alt-F2 from the X install. - alt-F1: the stdout of the install. Not very interesting stuff - alt-F2: simple shell. Quite a lot of commands are available but as they are written in perl (for space), they do not handle the very same options as normal. After install, you can do ``chroot /mnt'' to see your system just like after rebooting. ``rpm -qa'' works for example. - alt-F3: a lot of interesting things. Be carefull, some ``ERROR'' messages are not interesting. - alt-F4: kernel's place. aka the output of dmesg. - alt-F7: the graphical install lives there - command "bug" puts on floppy lots of interesting stuff. - /tmp/stage1.log: same as alt-F3 part when stage1 run (e.g. actions before graphical install really begins) - /tmp/ddebug.log: (nearly the) same as latter alt-F3 part - /tmp/syslog: same as alt-F4 - /mnt/root/drakx/ddebug.log: at the end of each step, DrakX tries to backup /tmp/ddebug.log to /mnt/root/drakx. Available only after mounting of /. - /mnt/root/drakx/install.log: the log of the installation (or upgrade) of the rpms (just like rpm's /mnt/tmp/(install|upgrade).log) - /mnt/root/drakx/auto_inst.cfg.pl: a kickstart file generated at the end of each step. Can be used in 2 ways: kickstart install or ``defcfg'' install. Hopefully you know about kickstart. ``defcfg'' is a way to customize the default values in install. For example, French can be the default language with a qwerty keyboard, the auto-partitionning partitions can be changed, the default user class can be set to developer (!)... ******************************************************************************** * po translation files ********************************************************* ******************************************************************************** DrakX uses .po files for its translation. A script takes the different strings out of the .pm files. It generates the DrakX.pot file which contains all the english strings to translate. To add a new language, you just have to add it to lang.pm (if it's not there already) and put the .po in the perl-install/po directory (see ``Ramdisk or not'' to know if you have to regenerate the mdkinst_stage2.gz) ******************************************************************************** * PCMCIA install *************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** If the media you use to install is a pcmcia device, use the pcmcia boot disk. ******************************************************************************** * Ramdisk or not *************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** The DrakX install is much bigger than the newt one. So the ramdisk which was used is getting big, and costs a lot in memory (eg: the mdkinst_stage2 is 14MB - 23/09/99) (update! now size is 21MB - 24/01/01) (update! now size is 19MB - 26/04/01) | | newt | DrakX |-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------- | nfs | live | live | ftp | ramdisk | ramdisk | http | ramdisk | ramdisk | hd | ramdisk | live if Mandrake/mdkinst/usr/bin/runinstall2 is a link, | | | ramdisk otherwise | cdrom | ramdisk | live if memory < 52MB, ramdisk otherwise Where ramdisk is needed, if detected memory is below the limit allowed for ramdisk (maintained in file gi/mdk-stage1/config-stage1.h; currently 52 Mb), a failure dialog will be printed explaining that there is not enough memory to perform the installation. When i say live, it means that the stage1 will *mount* the Mandrake/mdkinst and use it that way. The ramdisk is used in place of the live in some cases. This ramdisk is filled with mdkinst_stage2.gz For cdrom install, the ramdisk is used to speed up things (access time is quite high on cdrom drives) For pcmcia, it depends on the type of install. ******************************************************************************** * modules ********************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** Modules can be found in at least 2 places: - in /modules/modules.mar - in /lib/modules.cz /modules/modules.mar is used in mdk-stage1. It contains only modules interesting for one kind of install. For example in an hd install, it contains scsi modules. For a network install, it contains network card modules. (To create, extract or view files in a ``mar'' archive, please use gi/mdk-stage1/mar/mar; this is basically an archive format meant to be minimalistic) /lib/modules.cz contains all modules, it is used in stage2. To manually install a module during install, switch to console #2 and type "modprobe ". The modprobe program is a perl wrapper around /usr/bin/insmod. It uses the dependencies found in /modules/modules.dep (stage1). /usr/bin/insmod is a wrapper around /usr/bin/insmod_. It just extracts the module out of /lib/modules.cz in /tmp. Then it calls insmod_. /usr/bin/insmod_ is the real prog (which you usually find in /sbin/). You need to give it the complete path. ******************************************************************************** * Making screenshots *********************************************************** ******************************************************************************** 1. easy solution: press "F2"! 2. On a test machine, make a network install, switch to console (ctrl-alt-F2), enter: % xhost+ then, on another computer: % DISPLAY=test_machine:0 xwd -root | convert - screenshot.png ******************************************************************************** * Auto install ***************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** A powerful auto-install system is available. It allows performing an install without any human interaction. To feed automatic parameters to the stage1 part (the textmode part - might not be necessary for you if you plan to do cdrom-based auto-installs, but mostly highly needed when doing network installs), please refer to ../mdk-stage1/doc/TECH-INFOS. About the stage2 part (the actual installer, at the time you're (usually) running in graphical mode), please refer to the nice documentation written by David Eastcott. Either install the package "drakx-autoinstall-doc" from contrib, or browse: http://members.shaw.ca/mandrake/drakx/9.0/HTML/ The previous document will explain you how to setup the contents of the auto_inst.cfg file. Note that you have 3 alternatives for providing this file: - from a floppy disk; use "kickstart=floppy" as kernel parameter, as explained in the document - from the installation volume itself; put the file in the "Mandrake/base" directory of the installation volume; use "kickstart" only, or "kickstart=filename" to specify another filename than auto_inst.cfg - specified by the network; setup your DHCP server to provide the "bootfile" parameter, this file will be used as the "auto_inst.cfg" file, in the case you also provide the "netauto" boot parameter In any case, if the specified file ends with -IP or -IP.pl, IP will be substituted by the IP address of the machine, when doing a network install. Might be useful so that you can control all your auto installs from your server. ******************************************************************************** * Miscellaneous **************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** > o Media access methods: nfs, ftp, http, hd, cdrom > o Stages: init, stage1, stage2 > - What exactly each stage does init loads stage1 stage1 loads stage2, from various medium type stage2 is too big to fit on a floppy, that's why stage1 exists > - How each stage relates to the various media access methods stage1 knows only how to access to the media is compiled for. It contains only the kernel modules needed for that media. For eg, the nfs/ftp/http stage1 (network.img floppy) doesn't contain scsi modules nor ide. > - How one stage terminates and another begins. i.e., How does > stage1 find, mount, and launch stage2? /sbin/init just starts /sbin/stage1, and monitors its execution; it's here to cleanly umount the partitions when stage1 or stage2 dies/finished /sbin/stage1 takes care of mounting stage2 (in ramdisk if necessary) then it execs /usr/bin/runinstall2 (thus, stage2 replaces stage1, and init then monitors stage2) > o Text and Graphic mode installers > - Architectural overview of each have a look at gi/docs/object_class.fig ******************************************************************************** * OEM ************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** > I am a system OEM in Bangalore,India selling systems bundled with > Mandrake Linux. The problem is that with every system I sell, I need to > install & configure the system which takes HOURS!. Can I do a diskcopy > instead? > > Please Help. This is a major bottleneck for me. many solutions: - make an install on drive hdb, then : dd if=/dev/hdb of=/dev/hdc but you should make sure the hardware is *REALLY* identical. - try the oem feature 3. - burn a cd out of *latest* cooker or 8.0 and above. - boot on it telling "oem" to syslinux !! it will destroy every data on the harddrive or resize (or use free space) if *ONLY* one fat partition is defined !! - you now have a very automated install matrix (duplicate it with "dd if=/dev/hdb of=/dev/hdc bs=1M count=730") put the harddrive in the oem box, the user will now have an *very* automated install, just asking the root password and user password, and some other question according its hardware. 4. just like 3. but you may have to mount /cdrom after typing rescue on syslinux prompt (oem script do it automatically if a automatic boot nfs network has been done as server is known). under /cdrom may be anything as long as it provides an installation tree of Mandrake Linux. after that run oem script by typing "/etc/oem -f" for normal installation or "/etc/oem -f server" for server installation (normal with server installed). 5. (just like 3. without burning a cd, doing the first part by hand) have a look at the /etc/oem script on the rescue and do it by hand... cu Pixel, fpons. comments: 1. maybe copy unnecessary things -> take too long solution -> use bs=8k count=xxxx 2. kernel_reread can be found on the new rescue, source is also at end of this mail. This solution works with one partition. Can be easily enhanced to many primary partitions... For extended partitions, more complicated, but not much :) 3. has just been added in latest cooker. It may still have some pb. The main current limitation is IDE only, though it can be fixed easily for special cases. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include #include #include void die(char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(1); } void kernel_read(char *dev) { int fd; if ((fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) == -1) die("can't open device"); ioctl(fd, BLKRRPART, 0); close(fd); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc != 2) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: kernel_read_part \n"); exit(1); } kernel_read(argv[1]); } a> 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 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package ugtk2;

use diagnostics;
use strict;
use vars qw(@ISA %EXPORT_TAGS @EXPORT_OK @icon_paths $wm_icon $grab $border); #- leave it on one line, for automatic removal of the line at package creation
use locale;

@ISA = qw(Exporter);
%EXPORT_TAGS = (
    wrappers => [ qw(gtkadd gtkadd_widget gtkappend gtkappend_page gtkappenditems gtkcombo_setpopdown_strings gtkdestroy
                     gtkentry gtkflush gtkhide gtkmodify_font gtkmove gtkpack gtkpack2 gtkpack2_
                     gtkpack2__ gtkpack_ gtkpack__ gtkpowerpack gtkput gtkradio gtkresize gtkroot
                     gtkset_active gtkset_border_width gtkset_editable gtkset_justify gtkset_alignment gtkset_layout gtkset_line_wrap
                     gtkset_markup gtkset_modal gtkset_mousecursor gtkset_mousecursor_normal gtkset_mousecursor_wait gtkset_name
                     gtkset_property gtkset_relief gtkset_selectable gtkset_sensitive gtkset_shadow_type gtkset_size_request
                     gtkset_text gtkset_tip gtkset_visibility gtksetstyle gtkshow gtksignal_connect gtksize gtktext_append
                     gtktext_insert ) ],

    helpers => [ qw(add2notebook add_icon_path escape_text_for_TextView_markup_format gtkcolor gtkcreate_img
                    gtkcreate_pixbuf gtkfontinfo gtkset_background gtktreeview_children set_back_pixmap
                    get_default_step_items set_default_step_items
                    string_size string_width) ],

    create => [ qw(create_adjustment create_box_with_title create_dialog create_factory_menu create_factory_popup_menu
                   create_hbox create_hpaned create_menu create_notebook create_okcancel create_packtable
                   create_scrolled_window create_vbox create_vpaned _create_dialog gtkcreate_frame) ],

    ask => [ qw(ask_browse_tree_info ask_browse_tree_info_given_widgets ask_dir ask_from_entry ask_okcancel ask_warn
                ask_yesorno) ],
    dialogs => [ qw(err_dialog info_dialog warn_dialog) ],

);
$EXPORT_TAGS{all} = [ map { @$_ } values %EXPORT_TAGS ];
@EXPORT_OK = map { @$_ } values %EXPORT_TAGS;

use c;
use log;
use common;
use mygtk2 qw(gtknew); #- do not import gtkadd which conflicts with ugtk2 version

use Gtk2;
use Gtk2::Gdk::Keysyms;


$border = 5;

sub wm_icon() { $wm_icon || $::Wizard_pix_up || "wiz_default_up.png" }

# -=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---
#                 wrappers
#
# Functional-style wrappers to existing Gtk functions; allows to program in
# a more functional way, and especially, first, to avoid using temp
# variables, and second, to "see" directly in the code the user interface
# you're building.

sub gtkdestroy                { mygtk2::may_destroy($_[0]) }
sub gtkflush()                { mygtk2::flush() }
sub gtkhide                   { $_[0]->hide; $_[0] }
sub gtkmove                   { $_[0]->window->move($_[1], $_[2]); $_[0] }
sub gtkpack                   { gtkpowerpack(1, 1, @_) }
sub gtkpack_                  { gtkpowerpack('arg', 1, @_) }
sub gtkpack__                 { gtkpowerpack(0, 1, @_) }
sub gtkpack2                  { gtkpowerpack(1, 0, @_) }
sub gtkpack2_                 { gtkpowerpack('arg', 0, @_) }
sub gtkpack2__                { gtkpowerpack(0, 0, @_) }
sub gtkput                    { $_[0]->put(gtkshow($_[1]), $_[2], $_[3]); $_[0] }
sub gtkresize                 { $_[0]->window->resize($_[1], $_[2]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_active             { $_[0]->set_active($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_border_width       { $_[0]->set_border_width($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_editable           { $_[0]->set_editable($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_selectable         { $_[0]->set_selectable($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_justify            { $_[0]->set_justify($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_alignment          { $_[0]->set_alignment($_[1], $_[2]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_layout             { $_[0]->set_layout($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_modal              { $_[0]->set_modal($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_mousecursor_normal { gtkset_mousecursor('left-ptr', @_) }
sub gtkset_mousecursor_wait   { gtkset_mousecursor('watch', @_) }
sub gtkset_relief             { $_[0]->set_relief($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_sensitive          { $_[0]->set_sensitive($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_visibility         { $_[0]->set_visibility($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_tip                { $_[0]->set_tip($_[1], $_[2]) if $_[2]; $_[1] }
sub gtkset_shadow_type        { $_[0]->set_shadow_type($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_style              { $_[0]->set_style($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_size_request       { $_[0]->set_size_request($_[1], $_[2]); $_[0] }
sub gtkshow                   { $_[0]->show; $_[0] }
sub gtksize                   { $_[0]->size($_[1], $_[2]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_markup             { $_[0]->set_markup($_[1]); $_[0] }
sub gtkset_line_wrap          { $_[0]->set_line_wrap($_[1]); $_[0] }

sub gtkadd {
    my $w = shift;
    foreach my $l (@_) {
	ref $l or $l = gtknew('WrappedLabel', text => $l);
	$w->add(gtkshow($l));
    }
    $w;
}

sub gtkadd_widget {
    my $sg = shift;
    map {
        my $l = $_;
        ref $l or $l = gtknew('WrappedLabel', text => $l);
        $sg->add_widget($l);
        $l;
    } @_;
}

sub gtkappend {
    my $w = shift;
    foreach my $l (@_) {
	ref $l or $l = gtknew('WrappedLabel', text => $l);
	$w->append(gtkshow($l));
    }
    $w;
}

sub gtkappenditems {
    my $w = shift;
    $_->show foreach @_;
    $w->append_items(@_);
    $w;
}

# append page to a notebook
sub gtkappend_page {
    my ($notebook, $page, $o_title) = @_;
    $notebook->append_page($page, $o_title);
    $notebook;
}

sub gtkentry {
    my ($o_text) = @_;
    my $e = gtknew('Entry');
    $o_text and $e->set_text($o_text);
    $e;
}

sub gtksetstyle { 
    my ($w, $s) = @_;
    $w->set_style($s);
    $w;
}

sub gtkradio {
    my $def = shift;
    my $radio;
    map {
        my $w = gtkset_active($radio = Gtk2::RadioButton->new_with_label($radio ? $radio->get_group : undef, $_), $_ eq $def);
        $w->child->set_size_request((mygtk2::get_main_window_size())[0] - 50, -1);
        $w->get_child->set_line_wrap(1);
        $w;
      } @_;
}

sub gtkroot() { mygtk2::root_window() }
sub gtkcolor { &mygtk2::rgb2color }
sub gtkset_background { &mygtk2::set_root_window_background }

sub gtkset_text {
    my ($w, $s) = @_;
    $w->set_text($s);
    $w;
}

sub gtkcombo_setpopdown_strings {
    my $w = shift;
    $w->set_popdown_strings(@_);
    $w;
}

sub gtkset_mousecursor {
    my ($type, $w) = @_;
    ($w || gtkroot())->set_cursor(Gtk2::Gdk::Cursor->new($type));
    $w;
}

sub gtksignal_connect {
    my $w = shift;
    $w->signal_connect(@_);
    $w;
}

sub gtkset_name {
    my ($widget, $name) = @_;
    $widget->set_name($name);
    $widget;
}


sub gtkpowerpack {
    #- Get Default Attributes (if any). 2 syntaxes allowed :
    #- gtkpowerpack( {expand => 1, fill => 0}, $box...) : the attributes are picked from a specified hash ref
    #- gtkpowerpack(1, 0, 1, $box, ...) : the attributes are picked from the non-ref list, in the order (expand, fill, padding, pack_end).
    my @attributes_list = qw(expand fill padding pack_end);
    my $default_attrs = {};
    if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
	$default_attrs = shift;
    } elsif (!ref($_[0])) {
	foreach (@attributes_list) {
	    ref($_[0]) and last;
	    $default_attrs->{$_} = shift;
	}
    }
    my $box = shift;

    while (@_) {
	#- Get attributes (if specified). 4 syntaxes allowed (default values are undef ie. false...) :
	#- gtkpowerpack({defaultattrs}, $box, $widget1, $widget2, ...) : the attrs are picked from the default ones (if they exist)
	#- gtkpowerpack($box, {fill=>1, expand=>0, ...}, $widget1, ...) : the attributes are picked from a specified hash ref
	#- gtkpowerpack($box, [1,0,1], $widget1, ...) : the attributes are picked from the array ref : (expand, fill, padding, pack_end).
	#- gtkpowerpack({attr=>'arg'}, $box, 1, $widget1, 0, $widget2, etc...) : the 'arg' value will tell gtkpowerpack to always read the 
	#- attr value directly in the arg list (avoiding confusion between value 0 and Gtk::Label("0"). That can simplify some writings but
	#- this arg(s) MUST then be present...
	my (%attr, $attrs);
	ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH' || ref($_[0]) eq 'ARRAY' and $attrs = shift;
	foreach (@attributes_list) {
	    if (($default_attrs->{$_} || '') eq 'arg') {
		ref($_[0]) and internal_error "error in packing definition\n";
		$attr{$_} = shift;
		ref($attrs) eq 'ARRAY' and shift @$attrs;
	    } elsif (ref($attrs) eq 'HASH' && defined($attrs->{$_})) {
		$attr{$_} = $attrs->{$_};
	    } elsif (ref($attrs) eq 'ARRAY') {
		$attr{$_} = shift @$attrs;
	    } elsif (defined($default_attrs->{$_})) {
		$attr{$_} = int $default_attrs->{$_};
	    } else {
		$attr{$_} = 0;
	    }
	}
	#- Get and pack the widget (create it if necessary to  a label...)
	my $widget = ref($_[0]) ? shift : gtknew('WrappedLabel', text => shift);
	my $pack_call = 'pack_' . ($attr{pack_end} ? 'end' : 'start');
	$box->$pack_call($widget, $attr{expand}, $attr{fill}, $attr{padding});
	$widget->show;
    }
    return $box;
}

sub gtktreeview_children {
    my ($model, $iter) = @_;
    my @l;
    $model or return;
    for (my $p = $model->iter_children($iter); $p; $p = $model->iter_next($p)) {
	push @l, $p;
    }
    @l;
}



# -=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---=-=---
#                 create
#
# Helpers that allow omitting common operations on common widgets
# (e.g. create widgets with good default properties)

sub create_pixbutton {
    my ($label, $pix, $reverse_order) = @_;
    my @label_and_pix = (0, $label, if_($pix, 0, $pix));
    gtkadd(gtknew('Button'),
	   gtknew('HBox', spacing => 3, children => [
		    1, "",
		    $reverse_order ? reverse(@label_and_pix) : @label_and_pix,
		    1, "",
		]));
}

sub create_adjustment {
    my ($val, $min, $max) = @_;
    Gtk2::Adjustment->new($val, $min, $max + 1, 1, ($max - $min + 1) / 10, 1);
}

sub create_scrolled_window {
    my ($W, $o_policy, $o_viewport_shadow) = @_;
    gtknew('ScrolledWindow', ($o_policy ? (h_policy => $o_policy->[0], v_policy => $o_policy->[1]) : ()),
               child => $W, if_($o_viewport_shadow, shadow_type => $o_viewport_shadow));