Select-and-use-ISOs.html


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<html>
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      <title>Select and use ISOs</title>
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      <div lang="" class="section" title="Select and use ISOs">
         <div class="titlepage">
            <div>
               <div>
                  <h2 class="title"><a name="Select-and-use-ISOs"></a>Select and use ISOs
                  </h2>
               </div>
            </div>
         </div>
           
           
           
         <div class="section" title="Introduction">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e19"></a>Introduction
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
                
            <p>Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to
                   choose which image match your needs.
            </p>
                
            <p>There is two families of media:</p>
                
            <div class="itemizedlist">
               <ul class="itemizedlist">
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p>Classical installer: After booting the media, it will follow a
                        process allowing to choose what to install and how to configure your
                                target system. This give you the maximal flexibility for a customized
                                installation, in particular to choose which Desktop Environment you
                                will install.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
                  <li class="listitem">
                             
                     <p>LIVE media: you can boot the media in a real Mageia system
                                without installing it, to see what you will get after installation.
                                The installation process is simpler, but you get lesser
                                choices.
                     </p>
                           
                  </li>
               </ul>
            </div>
                
            <p>Details are given in the next sections.</p>
              
         </div>
           
         <div class="section" title="Media">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e29"></a>Media
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
                
            <div class="section" title="Definition">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e31"></a>Definition
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <p>Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows
                        you to install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical
                        support the ISO file is copied to.
               </p>
                     
               <p>You can find them <a class="ulink" href="http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/" target="_top">here</a>.
               </p>
                   
            </div>
                
            <div class="section" title="Classical installation media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e36"></a>Classical installation media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <div class="section" title="Common features">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e38"></a>Common features
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>These ISOs use the traditional installer called
                                          drakx.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>They are able to make a clean install or an update from
                                          previous releases.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue
                                          System, Memory Test, Hardware Detection Tool.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and
                                          languages.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>You'll be given the choice during the installation to add
                                          non free software.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
                
            <div class="section" title="Live media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e53"></a>Live media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <div class="section" title="Common features">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e55"></a>Common features
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Can be used to preview the distribution without installing
                                          it on a HDD, and optionally install Mageia on to your HDD.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (Plasma,
                                          GNOME or Xfce).
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p><span class="bold"><strong>Live ISOs can only be used to create
                                                clean installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
                                                releases.</strong></span></p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>They contain non free software.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live DVD Plasma">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e69"></a>Live DVD Plasma
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Plasma desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>All languages are present.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>64 bit architecture only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live DVD GNOME">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e78"></a>Live DVD GNOME
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>GNOME desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>All languages are present.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>64 bit architecture only</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="Live DVD Xfce">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e87"></a>Live DVD Xfce
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Xfce desktop environment only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>All languages are present.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>32 or 64 bit architectures.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
                
            <div class="section" title="Boot-only CD media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e96"></a>Boot-only CD media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <div class="section" title="Common features">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e98"></a>Common features
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Each one is a small image that contains no more than that
                                          which is needed to start the drakx installer and find
                                          drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages that are needed to
                                          continue and complete the install. These packages may be on the PC
                                          hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the
                                          Internet.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are
                                          convenient when bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, a PC
                                          without a DVD drive or a PC that can't boot from a USB
                                          stick.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>English language only.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="netinstall.iso">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e109"></a>netinstall.iso
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Contains only free software, for those people who prefer not to use non-free software.</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="netinstall-nonfree.iso">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e114"></a>netinstall-nonfree.iso
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="itemizedlist">
                     <ul class="itemizedlist">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for
                                          people who need it.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ul>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
              
         </div>
           
         <div class="section" title="Downloading and Checking Media">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e119"></a>Downloading and Checking Media
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
                
            <div class="section" title="Downloading">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e121"></a>Downloading
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <p>Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or BitTorrent. In both cases, a window gives you
                  some information, such as the mirror in use and an opportunity to change if the bandwidth is to low. If http is chosen, you
                  may also see something like
               </p>
                     
                     
               <p>md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Use only
                        one of them. Keep one of them <a class="link" href="Select-and-use-ISOs.html#integrity">for further
                           usage</a>. Then a window similar to this one appears:
               </p>
                     
                     
               <p>Check the radio button Save File.</p>
                   
            </div>
                
            <div class="section" title="Checking the integrity of the downloaded media">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e133"></a>Checking the integrity of the downloaded media
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <p>Both checksums are hexadecimal numbers calculated by an algorithm
                        from the file to be downloaded. When you ask these algorithms to
                        recalculate this number from your downloaded file, either you have the
                        same number and your downloaded file is correct, or the number is
                        different and you have a failure. A failure infers that you should retry
                        the download or attempt a repair using BitTorrent.
               </p>
                     
               <p>Open a console, no need to be root, and:</p>
                     
               <p>- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>md5sum
                              path/to/the/image/file.iso</code></strong>.
               </p>
                     
               <p>- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sha1sum
                              path/to/the/image/file.iso</code></strong>.
               </p>
                     
               <p>and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to
                        wait for a while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:
               </p>
                     
                     
               <p></p>
                   
            </div>
              
         </div>
           
         <div class="section" title="Burn or dump the ISO">
            <div class="titlepage">
               <div>
                  <div>
                     <h3 class="title"><a name="d5e146"></a>Burn or dump the ISO
                     </h3>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
                
                
            <p>The checked ISO can now be burned to a CD or DVD or dumped to a USB
                   stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim to make a bootable
                   medium.
            </p>
                
            <div class="section" title="Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e149"></a>Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <p>Use whatever burner you wish but ensure the burning device is set
                        correctly to <span class="bold"><strong>burn an image</strong></span>, burn data
                        or files is not correct. There is more information in <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Writing_CD_and_DVD_images" target="_top">the
                           Mageia wiki</a>.
               </p>
                   
            </div>
                
            <div class="section" title="Dump the ISO to a USB stick">
               <div class="titlepage">
                  <div>
                     <div>
                        <h4 class="title"><a name="d5e154"></a>Dump the ISO to a USB stick
                        </h4>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
                     
                     
               <p>All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a
                        USB stick and then use it to boot and install the system.
               </p>
                     
               <div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
                  <table border="0" summary="Warning">
                     <tr>
                        <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Warning]" src="warning.png"></td>
                        <th align="left"></th>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td align="left" valign="top">
                                   
                           <p>"Dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous
                                      file-system on the device; any other data will be lost and the
                                      partition capacity will be reduced to the image size.
                           </p>
                                 
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </table>
               </div>
                     
               <p>To recover the original capacity, you must redo partitioning and
                        re-format the USB stick.
               </p>
                     
               <div class="section" title="Using a graphical tool within Mageia">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e160"></a>Using a graphical tool within Mageia
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <p>You can use a graphical tool like <a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks" target="_top">IsoDumper</a></p>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="Using a graphical tool within Windows">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e164"></a>Using a graphical tool within Windows
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <p>You could try:</p>
                          
                  <p>- <a class="ulink" href="http://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US" target="_top">Rufus</a> using the
                             "ISO image" option;
                  </p>
                          
                  <p>- <a class="ulink" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager" target="_top">Win32 Disk
                                Imager</a></p>
                        
               </div>
                     
               <div class="section" title="Using Command line within a GNU/Linux system">
                  <div class="titlepage">
                     <div>
                        <div>
                           <h5 class="title"><a name="d5e171"></a>Using Command line within a GNU/Linux system
                           </h5>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                          
                          
                  <div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
                     <table border="0" summary="Warning">
                        <tr>
                           <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Warning]" src="warning.png"></td>
                           <th align="left"></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td align="left" valign="top">
                                        
                              <p>It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk to
                                           overwrite a disc partition if you get the device-ID wrong.
                              </p>
                                      
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
                          
                  <p>You can also use the dd tool in a console:</p>
                          
                  <div class="orderedlist">
                     <ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Open a console</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Become root with the command <strong class="userinput"><code>su -</code></strong>
                                          (don't forget the final '-' )
                           </p>
                                       
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Plug in your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do
                                          not open any application or file manager that could access or read
                                          it)
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Enter the command <strong class="userinput"><code>fdisk -l</code></strong></p>
                                       
                                       
                           <p>Alternatively, you can get the device name with the command
                                          <code class="code">dmesg</code>: at end, you see the device name starting with
                                          <span class="emphasis"><em>sd</em></span>, and <span class="emphasis"><em>sdd</em></span> in this
                                          case:
                           </p>
                                       <pre class="screen">[72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
[72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
[72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[72594.770536] usb 1-1: Product: Mass Storage Device
[72594.770537] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: JetFlash
[72594.770539] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 18MJTWLMPUCC3SSB
[72594.770713] usb 1-1: ep 0x81 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.770719] usb 1-1: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.771122] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[72594.772447] scsi host8: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[72595.963238] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access     JetFlash Transcend 2GB    1100 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[72595.963626] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.14 GB/2.00 GiB)
[72595.964104] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[72595.964108] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[72595.965025] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[72595.965031] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
[72595.967251]  <span class="emphasis"><em>sdd</em></span>: sdd1
[72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk</pre>
                                     </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for
                                          example <code class="code">/dev/sdb</code> in the screenshot above, it is a 8GB
                                          USB stick.
                           </p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Enter the command: # <strong class="userinput"><code>dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file
                                                of=/dev/sdX bs=1M</code></strong></p>
                                       
                           <p>Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdc</p>
                                       
                           <p>Example: # <strong class="userinput"><code>dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-6-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=1M</code></strong></p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Enter the command: # <strong class="userinput"><code>sync</code></strong></p>
                                     
                        </li>
                        <li class="listitem">
                                       
                           <p>Unplug your USB stick, it is done</p>
                                     
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                        
               </div>
                   
            </div>
              
         </div>
         
      </div>
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