From a762cf8d031cd9a6764e2081e8c034cf1dfa1d31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Papoteur Date: Sun, 3 Jan 2021 16:05:03 +0100 Subject: Update Croatian --- hr/Select-and-use-ISOs.html | 597 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 273 insertions(+), 324 deletions(-) (limited to 'hr/Select-and-use-ISOs.html') diff --git a/hr/Select-and-use-ISOs.html b/hr/Select-and-use-ISOs.html index dde46a8..c40f549 100644 --- a/hr/Select-and-use-ISOs.html +++ b/hr/Select-and-use-ISOs.html @@ -23,9 +23,13 @@ - - + + + + + +
@@ -37,200 +41,180 @@
-

Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to choose - which image match your needs. + which image best suits your needs.

- -

There is two families of media:

- +

There are three types of installation media:

- -

Details are given in the next sections.

+

More details are given in the next sections.

-
-

Media +

Media

-
-

Definition +

Definition

-

Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to - install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical support the ISO - file is copied to. + install and/or update Mageia and, by extension, any physical medium (DVD, + USB stick, ...) the ISO file is copied to.

- -

You can find them here. +

You can find Mageia ISO's here.

-
-

Classical installation media +

Classical installation media

-
-
Common features -
-
-
-
- - - -
-
    -
  • - -

    These ISOs use the traditional installer called drakx.

    - -
    • -
  • - -

    They are able to make a clean install or an update from previous releases.

    - -
    • -
-
- -
- - -
-
-
-
-
DVD +
Common features
-
  • -

    Different media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.

    +

    These ISOs use the Classical installer called DrakX

  • -

    Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test, - Hardware Detection Tool. +

    They are used for performing clean installs or to upgrade a previously + installed version of Mageia

  • -

    Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages.

    +

    Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures

  • -

    You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non free software.

    - -
    • -
-
- -
- - -
-
-
-
-
DVD dual arch -
-
-
-
- - - -
-
    -
  • - -

    Both architectures are present on the same medium, the choice is made - automatically according to the detected CPU. -

    - -
    • -
  • - -

    Uses Xfce desktop only.

    +

    Some tools are available in the Installer „Welcome“ screen: + Rescue System, Memory Test, and Hardware + Detection Tool

  • -

    Not all languages are available. (be, bg, ca, de, en, es, fr, it, mk, pl, - pt, ru, sv, uk) TO BE CHECKED! -

    +

    Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages

  • -

    It contains non free software.

    +

    You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non-free software

@@ -239,201 +223,155 @@
-
-

Live media +

Live media

-
-
Common features +
Common features
-
  • -

    Can be used to preview the distribution without installing it on a HDD, and - optionally install Mageia on to your HDD. +

    Can be used to preview the Mageia operating system without having to install + it

  • -

    Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or GNOME).

    +

    The Live media also includes an Installer.

  • -

    Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

    +

    Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (Plasma, GNOME or Xfce)

  • -

    Live ISOs can only be used to create clean - installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous - releases.

    +

    Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures

  • -

    They contain non free software.

    +

    They contain non-free software

- -
+
-
Live CD KDE +
Live DVD Plasma
-
  • -

    KDE desktop environment only.

    +

    Plasma desktop environment only

  • -

    English language only.

    +

    All available languages are present

  • -

    32 bit only.

    +

    64-bit architecture only

- -
-
-
-
-
Live CD GNOME -
-
-
-
- - - -
-
    -
  • - -

    GNOME desktop environment only.

    - -
    • -
  • - -

    English language only.

    - -
    • -
  • - -

    32 bit only.

    - -
    • -
-
- -
- - -
+
-
Live DVD KDE +
Live DVD GNOME
-
  • -

    KDE desktop environment only.

    +

    GNOME desktop environment only

  • -

    All languages are present.

    +

    All available languages are present

  • -

    Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

    +

    64-bit architecture only

- -
+
-
Live DVD GNOME +
Live DVD Xfce
-
  • -

    GNOME desktop environment only.

    +

    Xfce desktop environment only

  • -

    All languages are present.

    +

    All available languages are present

  • -

    Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

    +

    32 or 64-bit architectures

@@ -442,86 +380,63 @@
- -
+
-

Boot-only CD media +

Net install media

-
-
Common features +
Common features
-
  • -

    Each one is a small image that contains no more than that which is needed to - start the drakx installer and find drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages - that are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be - on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the - Internet. -

    +

    Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures

  • -

    These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient when - bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, a PC without a DVD drive or a - PC that can't boot from a USB stick. -

    - -
    • -
  • - -

    Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

    - -
    • -
  • - -

    English language only.

    +

    First steps are English language only

- -
+
-
boot.iso +
netinstall.iso
-
  • -

    Contains only free software, for those people who refuse to use non-free - software. +

    Contains only free software, for those who prefer to not use non-free + software

    • @@ -529,27 +444,23 @@
- -
+
-
boot-nonfree.iso +
netinstall-nonfree.iso
-
  • -

    Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need - it. -

    +

    Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for those who need it

@@ -560,118 +471,127 @@
-
-

Downloading and Checking Media +

Downloading and Checking Media

-
-

Downloading +

Downloading

-

Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or - BitTorrent. In both cases, a window gives you some information, such as the - mirror in use and the possibility to change if the bandwidth is to low. If - http is chosen, you may also see something like + BitTorrent. In both cases, you are provided with some information, such as + the mirror in use and an option to switch to an alternative if the bandwidth + is too low.

- +

If http is chosen you will also see some information regarding checksums.

-

md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Use only one of - them. Keep one of them for further - usage. Then this window appears: +

md5sum, sha1sum and + sha512sum (the most secure) are tools to check the ISO + integrity. Copy one of the checksums (string of alphanumeric characters) for + use in the next section.

- -

Check the radio button Save File.

+

In the meantime, a window to download the actual ISO will open:

+ + +

Click on Save File, then click OK. +

- -
+
-

Checking the downloaded media integrity +

Checking the integrity of the downloaded media

- -

Both checksums are hexadecimal numbers calculated by an algorithm from the - file to be downloaded. When you ask these algorithms to recalculate this - number from your downloaded file, either you have the same number and your - downloaded file is correct, or the number is different and you have a - failure. A failure infers that you should retry the download. +

The checksums referred to earlier, are digital fingerprints generated by an + algorithm from the file to be downloaded. You may compare the checksum of + your downloaded ISO against that of the original source ISO. If the + checksums do not match, it means that the actual data on the ISO's do not + match, and if that is the case, then you should retry the download or + attempt a repair using BitTorrent.

- -

Open a console, no need to be root, and:

- - -

- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ md5sum - path/to/the/image/file.iso. +

To generate the checksum for your downloaded ISO, open a console, (no need + to be root), and:

- -

- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ sha1sum - path/to/the/image/file.iso. -

- +
+
    +
  • + +

    To use the md5sum, type: md5sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso

    + +
    • +
  • + +

    To use the sha1sum, type: sha1sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso

    + +
    • +
  • + +

    To use the sha512sum, type: sha512sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso

    + +
    • +
+
-

and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to wait for a - while) with the number given by Mageia. Example: -

- +

Example:

-

+

then compare the result (you may have to wait for a while) with the ISO + checksum provided by Mageia. +

-
-

Burn or dump the ISO +

Burn or dump the ISO

- -

The checked ISO can now be burned to a CD or DVD or dumped to a USB - stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim to make a boot-able - medium. +

The verified ISO can now be burned to a CD/DVD or „dumped“ to a + USB stick. This is not a standard copy operation, as a bootable medium will + actually be created.

-
@@ -683,33 +603,29 @@
- -

Use whatever burner you wish but ensure the burning device is set correctly - to burn an image, burn data or files is not - correct. There is more information in the Mageia - wiki. +

Whichever software you use, ensure that the option to burn an + image is used. Burn data or + files is NOT correct. See the the Mageia + wiki for more information.

-
-

Dump the ISO to a USB stick +

Dump the ISO to a USB stick

- -

All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a USB stick - and then use it to boot and install the system. +

All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can dump them to a USB stick + and then use that to boot and install the system.

-
@@ -720,76 +636,97 @@
-

"dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on - the device; any other data will be lost and the partition capacity will be - reduced to the image size. +

Dumping an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on + the device and all existing data will be lost.

- -

To recover the original capacity, you must redo partitioning and re-format - the USB stick. -

- +
+ + + + + + + + +
[Bilješka]
+ +

Also, the only partition on the flash device will then just be the Mageia + ISO partition. +

+ +

So, if an ISO of about 4GB is written to an 8GB USB stick, the stick will + then only show up as 4GB. This is because the remaining 4GB is no longer + formatted - hence not currently available for use. To recover the original + capacity, you must reformat and repartition the USB stick. +

+ +
+
-
Using a graphical tool within Mageia +
Using a graphical tool within Mageia
-

You can use a graphical tool like IsoDumper

-
-
Using a graphical tool within Windows +
Using a graphical tool within Windows
-

You could try:

- -

- Rufus using the - "ISO image" option; -

- - -

- Win32 - Disk Imager

+
+ +
- -
+
-
Using Command line within a GNU/Linux system +
Using the Command line within a GNU/Linux system
-
@@ -800,18 +737,14 @@
-

It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk to overwrite a - disc partition if you get the device-ID wrong. +

It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk overwriting + potentially valuable existing data if you specify the wrong target device.

- - -

You can also use the dd tool in a console:

-
    @@ -822,32 +755,37 @@
  1. -

    Become root with the command su - (don't forget the - final '-' ) +

    Become a root (Administrator) user with the command + su - (don't forget the - )

    -
  2. -

    Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do not open any - application or file manager that could access or read it) +

    Plug in your USB stick - but do not mount it (this also means do not open + any application or file manager that could access or read it)

  3. -

    Enter the command fdisk -l

    - +

    Enter the command fdisk -l

    - + +
    4. +
  4. -

    Alternatively, you can get the device name with the command - dmesg: at end, you see the device name starting with - sd, and sdd in this case: +

    Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example + /dev/sdb in the screenshot above, is an 8GB USB stick. +

    + +

    Alternatively, you can find the device name with the command + dmesg. Towards the end of the following example, you can + see the device name starting with sd, and in this case, + sdd is the actual device. You can also see that its + size is 2GB:

    - 
    [72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
 [72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
 [72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
@@ -869,32 +807,43 @@
  5. -

    Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example - /dev/sdb in the screenshot above, it is a 8GB USB stick. -

    - -
    6. -
  6. +

    Enter the command: dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file + of=/dev/sdX bs=1M

    -

    Enter the command: # dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX - bs=1M

    - +

    Where X=your device name eg: + /dev/sdd

    -

    Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdc

    - +

    Example: dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-6-x86_64-DVD.iso + of=/dev/sdd bs=1M

    -

    Example: # dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso - of=/dev/sdb bs=1M

    +
    + + + + + + + + +
    [Savjet]
    + +

    It might be helpful to know that if stands + for input file and of stands + for output file +

    + +
    +
  7. -

    Enter the command: # sync

    +

    Enter the command: sync

  8. -

    Unplug your USB stick, it is done

    +

    This is the end of the process, and you may now unplug your USB stick.

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