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| -rw-r--r-- | pod/urpmihowto.pod | 143 |
1 files changed, 134 insertions, 9 deletions
diff --git a/pod/urpmihowto.pod b/pod/urpmihowto.pod index 2682e68b..992188a1 100644 --- a/pod/urpmihowto.pod +++ b/pod/urpmihowto.pod @@ -109,31 +109,156 @@ C<< <url> >> the URL where the RPMs are to be found, and the C<with> parameter optionnally specifies where to find the information file that describes the media's contents. -Supported URLs can be http://, ftp://, rsync://, ssh:// (this will use rsync over -ssh), file://, and removable:// (removable:// works like file://, but -instructs urpmi that the directory is mounted from a removable media, such -as a CD or a DVD.) If the media requires authentication, you can use the -usual URL syntax: C<< <scheme>://<login>:<pass>@host/path >>. Those -credentials won't be stored in any world-readable file. +Supported URLs can be C<http://>, C<ftp://>, C<rsync://>, C<ssh://> (this +will use rsync over ssh), C<file://>, and C<removable://> (C<removable://> +works like C<file://>, but instructs urpmi that the directory is mounted +from a removable media, such as a CD or a DVD.) If the media requires +authentication, you can use the usual URL syntax: + + <scheme>://<login>:<pass>@host/path + +Those credentials won't be stored in any world-readable file. + +In some cases, if your media points at an external HTTP or FTP server, you +might want to use a proxy to access it. This is possible by using the +C<--proxy> and C<--proxy-user> options (the second one in case of your +proxy requires authentication.) =head2 Removing media +This is straightforward; to remove a media C<foo>, simply use the +command: + + urpmi.removemedia foo + =head2 Updating media -=head2 Inactive media +Some media never change; this is the case, for example, for CD-ROMs and +the like. However, some other ones -- typically updates -- grow; new RPMs +are added to them, and old ones are removed. Thus, before using them, from +time to time, you should instruct urpmi that their contents might have +changed. + +To do this, use the urpmi.update program. You can either update all media: + + urpmi.update -a + +or update only media specifically named: + + urpmi.update updates-one updates-two =head2 Creating your own media -gendistrib +The easiest way to create your own media is to let urpmi.addmedia do it. +However, this will work well only if you have a small number of rpms, +stored on disk or on a shared NFS mount. To do that, assuming that your +RPMs are under a directory /var/my-rpms, simply enter the command: + + urpmi.addmedia my-media /var/my-rpms -public key +However, to create media containing a large number of RPMs, or to be put +on a shared server, you'll need to use the gendistrib tool. It comes in +the C<rpmtools> package. It is able to generate a mirror tree for one or +several media. + +A typical media repository, under a root directory F</ROOT/>, has the +following structure: (here, we have two media, named C<first> and +C<second>) + + ROOT/ - media/ + |- first/ + | `- media_info/ + |- second/ + | `- media_info/ + `- media_info/ + +The RPMs are place in the C<first> and C<second> subdirectories. +Repository metadata is contained in the top-level F<media_info> directory. +Per-media metadata are contained in the F<first/media_info> and +F<second/media_info> subdirectories. + +Per-media metadata consists in an C<hdlist.cz> file, that contains the +gzipped headers of the RPMs in the media, a C<synthesis.hdlist.cz> file, +much smaller than the hdlist and that contains only the information +necessary to urpmi to resolve dependencies, and optionnally a C<pubkey> +file if the RPMs are signed (so urpmi can check that the RPMs it downloads +are signed with the key associated to this media.) + +Before using F<gendistrib>, you must create a file F<media_info/media.cfg> +to describe this media repository. The syntax of this file is reminiscent +of F<.ini> files. It contains one section per media: for example, + + [first] + hdlist=hdlist_first.cz + name=First supplementary media + +Here, C<first> is the directory name, C<hdlist_first.cz> is the name of +the hdlist file that will be created (it must end with C<.cz>), and +C<name=> gives a human-readable descriptive name for the media. + +Then, you can run gendistrib. It should be passed the F</ROOT/> directory as +parameter. It will then generate the hdlist and synthesis files and all +other files needed for proper repository operation. + +For further information, see the gendistrib(1) manpage. =head1 Searching for packages =head2 urpmf +urpmf is a grep-like tool for the urpmi database (the database of all RPMs +in the media). By default, it will search through the file names contained +in packages, but a variety of options allows to search through package +names, provides, requires, RPM descriptions, etc. (or several of those at +once.) + +For example, to find all packages that begin with "apache-" : + + urpmf --name '^apache-' + +(the ^ being the beginning-of-line anchor used in standard regular +expressions.) + +To find all packages that contain files whose pathname includes +/etc/httpd.conf.d : + + urpmf /etc/httpd.conf.d + +To find all packages that provide "mail-server", with their version and +release number (-f) : + + urpmf --provides -f mail-server + +See the urpmf(8) manpage for more examples and the list of all options. + =head2 urpmq +urpmq is a tool to query the urpmi database. It has several modes of +operation. Here are a couple of useful uses. + + urpmq -i package + +will list the information for that package (like C<rpm -qi> would do for +installed packages.) The C<--summary> option is similar, but gives only +one-line concise information. + + urpmq --source package + +will give the URL from which the package can be retrieved. + + urpmq -d package + +will give the list of all RPMs that are required by the specified package +(recursively). + +Inversely, the command + + urpmq -R package + +will give the list of all RPMs that require the specified package. + +See the urpmq(8) manpage for the list of all options. + =head1 urpmi-parallel urpmi-parallel is an add-on to urpmi that is useful to install packages on |