Select and use ISOs序文Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to choose
which image match your needs.There is two families of media:Classical installer: After booting the media, it will follow a process
allowing to choose what to install and how to configure your target
system. This give you the maximal flexibility for a customized installation,
in particular to choose which Desktop Environment you will install.LIVE media: you can boot the media in a real Mageia system without
installing it, to see what you will get after installation. The
installation process is simpler, but you get lesser choices.Details are given in the next sections.MediaDefinitionHere, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to
install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical support the ISO
file is copied to.You can find them here.Classical installation mediaCommon featuresThese ISOs use the traditional installer called drakx.They are able to make a clean install or an update from previous releases.DVDDifferent media for architecture 32 or 64 bits.Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test,
Hardware Detection Tool.Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages.You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non free software.DVD dual archBoth architectures are present on the same medium, the choice is made
automatically according to the detected CPU.Uses Xfce desktop only.Not all languages are available. (be, bg, ca, de, en, es, fr, it, mk, pl,
pt, ru, sv, uk) TO BE CHECKED!It contains non free software.Live mediaCommon featuresCan be used to preview the distribution without installing it on a HDD, and
optionally install Mageia on to your HDD.Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE or GNOME).Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.Live ISOs can only be used to create clean
installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous
releases.They contain non free software.Live CD KDEKDE desktop environment only.English language only.32 bit only.Live CD GNOMEGNOME desktop environment only.English language only.32 bit only.Live DVD KDEKDE desktop environment only.All languages are present.Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.Live DVD GNOMEGNOME desktop environment only.All languages are present.Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.Boot-only CD mediaCommon featuresEach one is a small image that contains no more than that which is needed to
start the drakx installer and find drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages
that are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be
on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the
Internet.These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient when
bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, a PC without a DVD drive or a
PC that can't boot from a USB stick.Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.English language only.boot.isoContains only free software, for those people who refuse to use non-free
software.boot-nonfree.isoContains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need
it.Downloading and Checking MediaDownloadingOnce you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or
BitTorrent. In both cases, a window gives you some information, such as the
mirror in use and the possibility to change if the bandwidth is to low. If
http is chosen, you may also see something likemd5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Use only one of
them. Keep one of them for further
usage. Then this window appears:Check the radio button Save File.Checking the downloaded media integrityBoth checksums are hexadecimal numbers calculated by an algorithm from the
file to be downloaded. When you ask these algorithms to recalculate this
number from your downloaded file, either you have the same number and your
downloaded file is correct, or the number is different and you have a
failure. A failure infers that you should retry the download.Open a console, no need to be root, and:- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ md5sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso.- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ sha1sum
path/to/the/image/file.iso.and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to wait for a
while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:Burn or dump the ISOThe checked ISO can now be burned to a CD or DVD or dumped to a USB
stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim to make a boot-able
medium.Burning the ISO to a CD/DVDUse whatever burner you wish but ensure the burning device is set correctly
to burn an image, burn data or files is not
correct. There is more information in the Mageia
wiki.Dump the ISO to a USB stickAll Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a USB stick
and then use it to boot and install the system."dumping" an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on
the device; any other data will be lost and the partition capacity will be
reduced to the image size.To recover the original capacity, you must redo partitioning and re-format
the USB stick.Using a graphical tool within MageiaYou can use a graphical tool like IsoDumperUsing a graphical tool within WindowsYou could try:- Rufus using the
"ISO image" option;- Win32
Disk ImagerUsing Command line within a GNU/Linux systemIt is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk to overwrite a
disc partition if you get the device-ID wrong.You can also use the dd tool in a console:Open a consoleBecome root with the command su - (don't forget the
final '-' )Plug your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do not open any
application or file manager that could access or read it)Enter the command fdisk -lAlternatively, you can get the device name with the command
dmesg: at end, you see the device name starting with
sd, and sdd in this case:[72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
[72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
[72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[72594.770536] usb 1-1: Product: Mass Storage Device
[72594.770537] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: JetFlash
[72594.770539] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 18MJTWLMPUCC3SSB
[72594.770713] usb 1-1: ep 0x81 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.770719] usb 1-1: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.771122] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[72594.772447] scsi host8: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[72595.963238] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access JetFlash Transcend 2GB 1100 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[72595.963626] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.14 GB/2.00 GiB)
[72595.964104] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[72595.964108] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[72595.965025] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[72595.965031] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
[72595.967251] sdd: sdd1
[72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable diskFind the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example
/dev/sdb in the screenshot above, it is a 8GB USB stick.Enter the command: # dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX
bs=1MWhere X=your device name eg: /dev/sdcExample: # dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso
of=/dev/sdb bs=1MEnter the command: # syncUnplug your USB stick, it is done