管理不同的網路設定檔Draknetprofile前言Each network interface of a Mageia system is initially configured with a fix
set of parameters. This corresponds to what is expected by a user of a
desktop computer, but may not be adequate when the system is moved between
various network environments: having the system run in different network
environments will require that multiple configurations co-exist for a given
network device - otherwise the interface might need to be re-configured each
time the network environment changes.自訂檔案Linux provides support for multiple configurations of network devices as a
standard feature. The notion of a "network
profile" refers to a set of configurations of network devices,
defined for a specific network environment. Each network profile has a
name - the initial configuration that comes
out of system generation has the name "default"; when a
new profile is created, a name must be specified which is different from all
already existing profile names.DraknetprofileDraknetprofile is a - very simple - component of the Mageia Control Center
(MCC), it provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for managing
profiles. This GUI allows to
switch between profiles - i.e. activate a target profile to become the
"current profile",create a new, additional profile,delete a profile from the list of defined profiles.Running DraknetprofileDefining profiles, profile switchingDefining/modifying profiles concerns the entire Linux system and all its
users. Running draknetprofile therefore requires root privileges. Normally,
launching is achieved from within MCC (which already runs as root):
Figure 1: Mageia Control Center: Network &
Internet tab
launch the MCC by hitting the MCC icon in one of the panels of your desktop,select the "Network & Internet" tab,hit "Manage different network profiles" in the "Personalize and Secure your
network" Section (solid red contour in Figure 1).Draknetprofile can also be launched by a command-line instruction from a
terminal emulator with root privileges (this may be helpful when
standard-output or error-output from draknetprofile needs to be consulted -
for instance for debugging). Simply type: draknetprofile After the launch, the main page of Draknetprofile will be displayed:
Figure 2: Management actions of
Draknetprofile
The upper zone of the window contains the list of the names of all presently
defined profiles. The bottom zone presents a series of buttons:"Activate" ... establish the selected profile (top zone of the window) as
the current profile (and save the properties of the old profile);"New" ... create a new profile;"Delete" ... delete the selected profile from the list of defined profiles;"Quit" ... exit from Draknetprofile.Before hitting the "Activate" or the "Delete" button, you have to select a
profile from the list: select it by a left-button click on the name of the
target profile.Hitting the "New" button will launch an auxiliary window where you can type
the name of the profile you want to create; this name must be different from
any already existing profile. This profile will be created as a precise copy
of the currently active profile and immediately activated as the current
profile. You will probably then need to specify its properties (modify the
automatically created configuration) in a second, independent action:exit from Draknetprofile (hit the "Quit" button),back in the "Network & Internet" tab, you select the tab "Set up a new
network interface (...)" (marked with dashed red contour in Figure 1),you then go through the steps for configuring the interface; they are
similar to those you did for configuring the original interface during
system generation - as documented in the Drakconnect manual.The middle zone of the window is normally hidden, hit the "Advanced" button
to make it visible. It should display the list of names of Draknetprofile
"modules" (such as "network", "firewall",
"urpmi"), each with a check-button next to the name; these check-buttons
determine whether the properties controlled by that module are included into
the profile or not.Using a system that has more than one profileIn a system where several profiles are defined, an additional user
interaction is required when the system boots: at the very end of the
bootstrapping activities - just before the Desktop Environment starts - you
will get a message like Select network profile: (1) default (2)
roaming* Type 1 or 2 to select the "default", respectively the "roaming" profile, or
carriage-return to select the profile that is marked with an asterisk (the
profile that was active when the system had been shut down).Presently (Mageia-5) there appears to be an intermittent problem: it happens
that the system becomes unresponsive after soliciting the user to select a
profile. The only way out of this situation is to launch another boot. This
problem is under investigation.Appendix: Files relevant to DraknetprofileThe configuration data of network interfaces are stored in the directory
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/, in files with names
like ifcfg-xxx.The name of the currently active profile is maintained in the file
/etc/netprofile/current .