From 8a4e688e827134d478f3c923d57121b6d2d01c56 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Papoteur Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2026 22:01:58 +0100 Subject: Add Traditionnal Chinese --- zh_tw/Select-and-use-ISOs.html | 860 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 860 insertions(+) create mode 100644 zh_tw/Select-and-use-ISOs.html (limited to 'zh_tw/Select-and-use-ISOs.html') diff --git a/zh_tw/Select-and-use-ISOs.html b/zh_tw/Select-and-use-ISOs.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c632063 --- /dev/null +++ b/zh_tw/Select-and-use-ISOs.html @@ -0,0 +1,860 @@ + + + + + Select and use ISOs + + + + + + +
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Select and use ISOs +

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前言 +

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Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to choose + which image best suits your needs. +

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There are three types of installation media:

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  • + +

    Classical installer: Booting with this + media provides you with the maximum flexibility when choosing what to + install, and for configuring your system. In particular, you have a choice + of which Desktop environment to install. +

    + +
    • +
  • + +

    LIVE media: This option allows you to try + out Mageia without having to actually install it, or make any changes to + your computer. However, the Live media also includes an Installer, which can + be started when booting the media, or after booting into the Live operating + system itself. +

    + +
    + + + + + + + + +
    [注意]
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    The Live Installer is simpler compared to the Classical Installer - but you + have fewer configuration options. +

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    + + + + + + + + +
    [重要]
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    Live ISOs can only be used to create “clean” installations, + they cannot be used to upgrade previously installed Mageia releases. +

    + +
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    + +
    • +
  • + +

    Net Install: These are minimal ISO's + containing no more than that which is needed to start the DrakX installer + and find DrakX-installer-stage2 and other packages that + are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be on + the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the Internet. +

    + +

    These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient if + bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, or if you have a PC without a + DVD drive or is unable to boot from a USB stick. +

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    • +
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More details are given in the next sections.

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Media +

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Definition +

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Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to + install and/or update Mageia and, by extension, any physical medium (DVD, + USB stick, ...) the ISO file is copied to. +

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You can find Mageia ISO's here. +

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Classical installation media +

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Common features +
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  • + +

    These ISOs use the Classical installer called DrakX

    + +
    • +
  • + +

    They are used for performing clean installs or to upgrade a previously + installed version of Mageia +

    + +
    • +
  • + +

    Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures

    + +
    • +
  • + +

    Some tools are available in the Installer “Welcome” screen: + Rescue System, Memory Test, and Hardware + Detection Tool

    + +
    • +
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    Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages

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    You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non-free software

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Live media +

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Common features +
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    Can be used to preview the Mageia operating system without having to install + it +

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  • + +

    The Live media also includes an Installer.

    + +
    • +
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    Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (Plasma, GNOME or Xfce)

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    Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures

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    They contain non-free software

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Live DVD Plasma +
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    Plasma desktop environment only

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    All available languages are present

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    64-bit architecture only

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Live DVD GNOME +
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    GNOME desktop environment only

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    All available languages are present

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    64-bit architecture only

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Live DVD Xfce +
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    Xfce desktop environment only

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    All available languages are present

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    32 or 64-bit architectures

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Net install media +

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Common features +
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    Different media for 32 and 64-bit architectures

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    First steps are English language only

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netinstall.iso +
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    Contains only free software, for those who prefer to not use non-free + software +

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netinstall-nonfree.iso +
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    Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for those who need it

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Downloading and Checking Media +

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Downloading +

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Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or + BitTorrent. In both cases, you are provided with some information, such as + the mirror in use and an option to switch to an alternative if the bandwidth + is too low. +

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If http is chosen you will also see some information regarding checksums.

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md5sum, sha1sum and + sha512sum (the most secure) are tools to check the ISO + integrity. Copy one of the checksums (string of alphanumeric characters) for + use in the next section. +

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In the meantime, a window to download the actual ISO will open:

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Click on Save File, then click OK. +

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Checking the integrity of the downloaded media +

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The checksums referred to earlier, are digital fingerprints generated by an + algorithm from the file to be downloaded. You may compare the checksum of + your downloaded ISO against that of the original source ISO. If the + checksums do not match, it means that the actual data on the ISO's do not + match, and if that is the case, then you should retry the download or + attempt a repair using BitTorrent. +

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To generate the checksum for your downloaded ISO, open a console, (no need + to be root), and: +

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  • + +

    To use the md5sum, type: md5sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso

    + +
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    To use the sha1sum, type: sha1sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso

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    To use the sha512sum, type: sha512sum + path/to/the/image/file.iso

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Example:

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then compare the result (you may have to wait for a while) with the ISO + checksum provided by Mageia. +

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Burn or dump the ISO +

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The verified ISO can now be burned to a CD/DVD or “dumped” to a + USB stick. This is not a standard copy operation, as a bootable medium will + actually be created. +

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Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD +

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Whichever software you use, ensure that the option to burn an + image is used. Burn data or + files is NOT correct. See the the Mageia + wiki for more information. +

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Dump the ISO to a USB stick +

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All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can dump them to a USB stick + and then use that to boot and install the system. +

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[警告]
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Dumping an image onto a flash device destroys any previous file-system on + the device and all existing data will be lost. +

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[注意]
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Also, the only partition on the flash device will then just be the Mageia + ISO partition. +

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So, if an ISO of about 4GB is written to an 8GB USB stick, the stick will + then only show up as 4GB. This is because the remaining 4GB is no longer + formatted - hence not currently available for use. To recover the original + capacity, you must reformat and repartition the USB stick. +

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Using a graphical tool within Mageia +
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You can use a graphical tool like IsoDumper

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Using a graphical tool within Windows +
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You could try:

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Using the Command line within a GNU/Linux system +
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[警告]
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It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk overwriting + potentially valuable existing data if you specify the wrong target device. +

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    Open a console

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  2. + +

    Become a root (Administrator) user with the command + su - (don't forget the - ) +

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    3. +
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    Plug in your USB stick - but do not mount it (this also means do not open + any application or file manager that could access or read it) +

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    Enter the command fdisk -l

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    Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example + /dev/sdb in the screenshot above, is an 8GB USB stick. +

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    Alternatively, you can find the device name with the command + dmesg. Towards the end of the following example, you can + see the device name starting with sd, and in this case, + sdd is the actual device. You can also see that its + size is 2GB: +

    + 
    [72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
+[72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
+[72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
+[72594.770536] usb 1-1: Product: Mass Storage Device
+[72594.770537] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: JetFlash
+[72594.770539] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 18MJTWLMPUCC3SSB
+[72594.770713] usb 1-1: ep 0x81 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
+[72594.770719] usb 1-1: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
+[72594.771122] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
+[72594.772447] scsi host8: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
+[72595.963238] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access     JetFlash Transcend 2GB    1100 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
+[72595.963626] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.14 GB/2.00 GiB)
+[72595.964104] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
+[72595.964108] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
+[72595.965025] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
+[72595.965031] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
+[72595.967251]  sdd: sdd1
+[72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk
    +
    6. +
  6. + +

    Enter the command: dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file + of=/dev/sdX bs=1M

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    Where X=your device name eg: + /dev/sdd

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    Example: dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-6-x86_64-DVD.iso + of=/dev/sdd bs=1M

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    [提示]
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    It might be helpful to know that if stands + for input file and of stands + for output file +

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    7. +
  7. + +

    Enter the command: sync

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    This is the end of the process, and you may now unplug your USB stick.

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    9. +
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+ + -- cgit v1.2.1